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#1.2 Chiro Essentials - NMS > Neurological Findings > Flashcards

Neurological Findings Flashcards

1
Q

Abulia (inability to make decisions)

A

stroke, damage to the basal ganglia

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2
Q

Absent Corneal Reflex (no blink to puff of air on eye)

A

CN V (afferent) or CN VII (efferent) damage

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3
Q

Agnosia (inability to recognize sight, sound or words)

A

Stroke, dementia or severe head injury

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4
Q

Akinesthesia

A

loss of proprioception - dorsal column damage

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5
Q

Anosmia (loss of sense of smell)

A

CN I damage

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6
Q

Anascoria (unequal pupil size)

A

CN III, sympathetic or parasympathetic

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7
Q

Aphasia (unable to express oneself with words)

A

damage to Broca’s speech area

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8
Q

Apraxia (unable to perform learned movement)

A

cerebellar damage

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9
Q

Asthenocoria (sluggish pupil light reflex Arroyo’s sign)

A

Addison’s Disease

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10
Q

Ataxia (loss of balance)

A

Cerebellar, vestibular/dorsal column damage

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11
Q

Athetosis (slow snake like movements)

A

damage to the putamen in the basal ganglia

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12
Q

Babinski Sign Present (up going plantar response)

A

UMN lesion in lower limb

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13
Q

Bielschowsky’s Sign (head tilt to the opposite side)

A

CN IV palsy (superior oblique muscle)

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14
Q

Bitemporal Hemianopia (both temporal halves blind)

A

CN II damage at optic chiasm pituitary tumor

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15
Q

Cape-like loss of pain and temperature sensation

A

syringomyelia

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16
Q

Causalgia (burning pain after nerve injury)

A

complex regional pain syndrome

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17
Q

Chorea (quick jerky involuntary movements)

A

Huntington’s Disease

Rheumatic Fever

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18
Q

Claw Hand

A

Ulnar Nerve Damage

Klumpke’s Palsy

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19
Q

Clumsiness in Fingers (can’t button a shirt)

A

cervical myelopathy

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20
Q

Cushings Triad (High BP, low pulse, irregular respiration)

A

raised intracranial pressure

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21
Q

Dysarthria and Disequilibrium (ataxia)

A

Cerebellar Damage

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22
Q

Dysarthria (problem saying Kuh La Me properly)

A

Can’t say Kuh (CN X)
La (CN XII)
Me (CN V)

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23
Q

Dysesthesia

A

abnormal sensation - neuropathies

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24
Q

Flexion of Thumb after Flicking Middle Finger (+ Homan)

A

UMN lesion in upper limb

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25
Q

Foot Drop (unable to dorsiflex the foot)

A

Peroneal nerve damage

Charcot Marie Tooth

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26
Q

Froment’s Sign (flexes thumb to grasp paper)

A

Ulnar nerve damage

27
Q

Homonymous Hemianopia (same halves on both sides)

A

damage to contralateral optic radiation

28
Q

Homonymous Hemianopia + macular sparing

A

damage to visual cortex

29
Q

Hyperacusis with ipsilateral facial weakness

A

Bells Palsy

30
Q

Hyperreflexia, Clunus and Spasticity

A

Upper Motor Neuron Lesion

31
Q

Hyporeflexia, Flaccidity and Atrophy

A

Lower Motor Neuron Lesion

32
Q

Loss of the anal reflex

A

S2, S3 and S4 spinal roots damage

33
Q

Loss of cremasteric reflex (no testis rise with thigh stroke)

A

L1-L2 nerve root damage

34
Q

Loss of the gag reflex

A

CN IX (afferent) or CN X (efferent) damage

35
Q

Loss of Stereognosis (recognize objects by feeling)

A

Dorsal Column Damage

36
Q

Kernig and Brudzinski Sign

A

meningitis or subarchnoid hemorrhage

37
Q

Mittelmeyer Test (march on the spot with eyes closed)

A

vestibular nerve damage (side turned to)

38
Q

Pill-rolling (resting) tremor

A

Parkinson’s Disease

39
Q

Rigidity Decerebrate (upper limbs in extension)

A

Brainstem lesion below the red nucleus

40
Q

Rigidity Decorticare (upper limbs in flexion)

A

Brainstem lesion above the red nucleus

41
Q

Rigidity Clasp Knife

A

Upper Motor Neuron Lesion

42
Q

Scissors gait from birth

A

cerebral palsy

43
Q

Scanning speech, intention tremor and Nystagmus

A

multiple sclerosis

44
Q

Sign of the vindication (bishops blessing)

A

median nerve damage

45
Q

slow to relax deep tendon reflexes (woltman sign)

A

hypothroidism

46
Q

Synesthesia (perceiving sounds as different colors)

A

unknown

possible hereditary

47
Q

Titubation (nodding) not in time with the pulse

A

cerebellar disease

48
Q

Tongue deviates to one side

A

CN XII palsy on same side of deviation

49
Q

Tremor - intention

A

multiple sclerosis or cerebellar disease

50
Q

Tremor - postural (worse when arms are outstretched)

A

hyperthyroidism

51
Q

Tremo-resting (pill rolling)

A

Parkinson Disease

52
Q

LMN lesion in upper, UMN lesion in lower limbs

A

Cervical myelopathy

53
Q

UMN / LMN lesions in at least 3 limbs

A

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

54
Q

Unilateral facial palsy, can’t to wrinkle forehead

A

Bell’s Palsy

55
Q

Unilateral Facial Palsy, but able to wrinkle forehead

56
Q

Unilateral facial wekness and deafness

A

Acoustic Neuroma

57
Q

Uvula Deviates to One Side

A

CN X damage on the opposite side

58
Q

Unable to adduct the thumb

A

Ulnar Nerve Damage

59
Q

Unable to Extend the Thumb

A

Radial Nerve Damage

60
Q

Unable to Oppose the Thumb

A

median nerve damage

61
Q

Unable to shrug shoulder

A

CN XI palsy

62
Q

Winged Scapula

A

Long Thoracic Nerve Damage

63
Q

Wrist Drop

A

Radial Nerve Palsy

Lead Poisoning

#1.2 Chiro Essentials - NMS (9 decks)

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