Neurological conditions

Question 1

What is Parkinsons disease

Answer 1

• Loss of dopaminergic neurons from part of basal ganglia

Question 2

S+S Parkinsons disease

Answer 2

• tremors
• muscle rigidity
• decrease/no movement
• decrease facial movement
• speech/swallowing difficulty

Question 3

Parkinsons disease treatment

Answer 3

-no cure = manage symptoms such as
- levodopa (increase dopamine levels)
- dopamine agonist (stimulate dopamine receptor)

Question 4

what is Epilepsy

Answer 4

Recurrent, unpredictable seizure

Question 5

what is a seizure

Answer 5

hyperactive synchronous discharge of action potentials in large group of neurons

Question 6

What are the two partial seizures called

Answer 6

simple = remains conscious and aware but experience a sensorial motor effect
Complex = loss or alteration of consciousness in association with sensorial motor effect

Question 7

what are the 6 types of generalizes seizure

Answer 7

• tonic seizure = increase muscle tone
• Atonic seizure = complete muscle relaxation
• clonic seizure = muscle convulsion
• Myoclonic = muscle spasm in localised area
• Absence = staring appearance with no movement
• Tonic-clonic = stops moving and then started convulsion + loss of consciousness

Question 8

risks of seizures

Answer 8

• risk of injury
• Risk of status epilepticus (seizure lasting for more than 5 mins or multiple seizure with no rest for 5 mins)

Medical emergency as =
- Increase O2 demand of neurons
- Decrease ventilation
= neuronal dysfunction = brain death and resp failure