neurological assesments Flashcards
name the myotome for L2
hip flexors
name the myotome for L3
knee extensors
name the myotome for L4
ankle dorsiflexors
name the myotome for L5
big toe extensor
name the myotome for S1
ankle plantar flexors
name the myotomes for S2
knee flexors
name the lower limb reflexes
knee jerk (L3-4 femoral nerve)
ankle jerk (S1-2 tibial nerve)
name the myotomes for C1/2
neck flexion/extension
name the myotome for C3
lateral flexion
name the myotome for C4
shoulder elevation
name the myotome for C5
shoulder abduction
name the myotome for C6
elbow flexion/ wrist extension
name the myotome for C7
elbow extension/wrist flexion
name the myotome for C8
thumb extension
what are the upper limb reflexes
biceps reflex (C5/6)
triceps reflex (C7)
brachioradialis reflex (C6)
name the upper limb tension tests and which nerve they test
ULTT 1 - median nerve
ULTT 2a - median nerve
ULTT 2b - radial nerve
ULTT 3 - ulnar test
name the neurological tests for lumbar spine
slump test
straight leg raise
femoral nerve test
explain the slump test
Patient in sitting-ask patient to slump chin to chest and sump thoracic spine forward. Physio will apply a gentle force through the patients thoracic spine and neck. Patient is asked to extend their knee to point of discomfort is posterior leg. Release pressure on thoracic spine and ask patient to extend neck. Relief from discomfort in posterior of leg indicates a positive sign of neural tension on sciatic nerve
explain straight leg raise
supine lying
MR the hip
extend the knee
flex the hip
add dorsiflexion/eversion/inversion/ plantarflexion
go to resistance or pain
explain ULTT1
fixing shoulder
abduct shoulder
wrist and finger extension
forearm supination
shoulder lateral rotation
elbow extension
explain ULTT 2a
shoulder girdle depression
10 degree shoulder abduction
elbow extension
lateral rotation of whole arm
wrist, finger and thumb extension
abduction of shoulder
explain ULTT 2b
shoulder girdle depression
10 degree joint abduction
elbow extension
medial rotation of whole arm
wrist flexion
thumb flexion
ulnar deviation
explain ULTT 3
wrist and finger extension
forearm pronation
elbow flexion
shoulder lateral rotation
shoulder girdle depression
shoulder abduction
explain the femoral nerve test
side lying
lower knee pulled to chest
cervical flexion
full knee flexion (passive)
passive hip extension
until resistance/pain then ask the patient to extend neck
should be able to take leg further
What nerve is the SLR testing when adding dorsiflexion?
sciatic nerve
what nerve is the SLR testing when adding eversion
tibial nerve
what nerve is the SLR testing when adding inversion
sural nerve
What are the indications for a neuro exam in the lower limb?
neuropathic pain in a dermatomal distribution
pain from lumbar spine referred beyond hip
altered sensation in the lower limb
pain in the lower limb that may be related to a lumbar condition
complaints of weakness in LL
What are the indications for a neuro exam in the upper limb
neuropathic pain in a dermatomal distribution
complaints of weakness in UL
clumsiness in UL
altered sensation in UL
pain from cervical spine referred beyond shoulder
