Neurodegenerative Disorders Flashcards
What type of OT intervention would be appropriate for ACL 1?
Sensory Stimulation
What level of assistance is needed for ACL 1?
Total Assist! 24 hour around the clock care
How long is the attention span of ACL 1?
Seconds
What behaviors does a person at ACL 1 demonstrate?
swallowing, rolling in bed, raising body parts
How much assistance is needed for ACL 2?
Maximal Assistance to move body in space
Around the clock care for transfers and ADLs
How long is the attention span for ACL 2?
3 minutes ish
What behaviors are demonstrated at ACL 2?
Wandering
Righting Postural reactions
Climbing over bed
Getting lost
What is the assistance for ACL 3?
Mod Assist to complete simple repetitive and familiar tasks
What activiites would be good for ACL 2?
Dancing
Walking
Multi-sensory
Calm Sensory rich
What is the attention span for ACL 3?
30 minutes. Fleeting, impulsive
What activities would be good for ACL 3?
polishing, sanding, folding laundry, brushing teeth
with tactile cues and step-by-step demonstration.
What stitch do they complete at ACL 3?
Running stitches
What level can you live alone with daily assist? ACL
Level 4.4. assist for safety
Attention span for ACL 4?
1 hour
How much assist for ACL 4?
Minimal assistance with visual cues
What activities are good for ACL 4?
Walk to familiar places
Use simple bus route
Make cold sandwiches
Supported employment
When does new learning occur? in ACL levels
ACL 5 AND learning is generalized
How much assistance with ACL 5?
Stand by. Cannot anticipate or problem solve
How much assistance for ACL 6?
Independent
How often would an ACL 5 need when living alonge?
weekly check ups for safety
Stage one of Reisburg’s stages of Dementia
No memory deficits
Stage 2 of Reisburg’s stages of Dementia
Person may begin to notice and complain about memory problems.
Struggling to remember recent events, words, losing items etc.
Stage 3 of Reisburg’s stages of Dementia
Mild Cognitive Decline
Others notice deficits in memory and recall
Increased forgetfulness
Denial or resistant to any problems
Decreased performance with demanind social and work environments
Stage 4 of Reisburg’s stages of Dementia
“Mild Dementia”
Clear cut deficits on medical assessments
Difficulty handling finances
Difficulty with driving, shopping, ordering food
Denial
Deficits in all IADLS
Need assistance at home
Stage 5 of Reisburg’s stages of Dementia
Moderate Dementia
Requires cues and assistance to perform ADL and IADL
Cannot live alone
Forget important facts: phone number and address
Frequently disoriented to time and place
No longer safe to drive
Stage 6 of Reisburg’s stages of Dementia
Moderately severe dementia Incomplete sentences Struggles to follow 2-step commands Personality and emotional changes-anxious and irritable, obsessive behaviors Incontinent Needs assistance with all ADLs
Stage 7 of Reisburg Stages of Dementia
Severe Dementia Bed bound Cannot talk May be in vegetative state Total assistance, around the clock care Secondary Complications are common (pneumonia)
Where do debicutous ulcers generally occur?
Bony prominences
What is the best position for client with hemiparesis for sidelying on affected side?
Protract arm forward to allow optimal soft-tissue lengthening
What is the best way to increase stabilization for those with intention tremors while feeding?
Stabilize BUE on counter/table top
How can you provide fall prevention in those with Alzheimer’s?
Engagement in activity based interventions with daily structure
What is the focus of OT intervention in the mild stage of dementia?
- Establish daily routines and post them in familiar places
2. Use environmental aids for memory
What is the focus of OT intervention in the moderate stage of Dementia?
- Avoid learning new tasks
- Simplify environment and make items accessible
- Interpret behavior problems by finding the source
- Use reality orientation with pictures and videos
- Encourage stretching and walking
What is the focus of OT intervention in the moderate to severe stage of dementia?
- Use of 2 or less steps in highly familiar tasks
- Rehearse and review family members using pics
- Encourage SBA exercise and stretching
What is the foucs of OT intervention during the severe stage of dementia?
- Encourage caregiver to use respite care
- Instruction on skin inspection and PROM
- Controlled sensory stimulation
What is the focus of OT in early HD?
- Memory aids and organizing the environment
2. Built up handles, unbreakable dishes, chairs with high backs and armrests
What is the focus of OT in middle stage HD?
- Purposeful activity engagement (leisures)
- Let others handle finances
- Simple written and verbal cues for ADLs
- Seated ADLS
- Propel w/c with legs
- Schedule breaks throughout day
What isthe focus of OT in late stage HD?
- Positioning
- Splints
- Provide accsess switch to TV, Computer, or Radio
What is the focus of OT in stage 1 PD?
- Work eval
- Work simplification
- Frequent rests
- Built up utensils
What is the focus of OT in stage 2 PD?
- energy conseravtion during ADLs
- Trunk rotation exercises
- Driving assessment
What is the focus of OT in stage 3 and 4 of PD?
- Environmental mods at home (raised toilet seat, chairs with arm rests)
What is the focus of OT in stage 5 of PD?
Environmental access with use of controls
