Neurodegenerative Disorders Flashcards by liz souza

What type of OT intervention would be appropriate for ACL 1?

Sensory Stimulation

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What level of assistance is needed for ACL 1?

Total Assist! 24 hour around the clock care

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How long is the attention span of ACL 1?

Seconds

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What behaviors does a person at ACL 1 demonstrate?

swallowing, rolling in bed, raising body parts

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How much assistance is needed for ACL 2?

Maximal Assistance to move body in space

Around the clock care for transfers and ADLs

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How long is the attention span for ACL 2?

3 minutes ish

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What behaviors are demonstrated at ACL 2?

Wandering
Righting Postural reactions
Climbing over bed
Getting lost

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What is the assistance for ACL 3?

Mod Assist to complete simple repetitive and familiar tasks

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What activiites would be good for ACL 2?

Dancing
Walking
Multi-sensory
Calm Sensory rich

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What is the attention span for ACL 3?

30 minutes. Fleeting, impulsive

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What activities would be good for ACL 3?

polishing, sanding, folding laundry, brushing teeth

with tactile cues and step-by-step demonstration.

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What stitch do they complete at ACL 3?

Running stitches

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What level can you live alone with daily assist? ACL

Level 4.4. assist for safety

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Attention span for ACL 4?

1 hour

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How much assist for ACL 4?

Minimal assistance with visual cues

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What activities are good for ACL 4?

Walk to familiar places
Use simple bus route
Make cold sandwiches
Supported employment

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When does new learning occur? in ACL levels

ACL 5 AND learning is generalized

How much assistance with ACL 5?

Stand by. Cannot anticipate or problem solve

How much assistance for ACL 6?

Independent

How often would an ACL 5 need when living alonge?

weekly check ups for safety

Stage one of Reisburg’s stages of Dementia

No memory deficits

Stage 2 of Reisburg’s stages of Dementia

Person may begin to notice and complain about memory problems.
Struggling to remember recent events, words, losing items etc.

Stage 3 of Reisburg’s stages of Dementia

Mild Cognitive Decline
Others notice deficits in memory and recall
Increased forgetfulness
Denial or resistant to any problems
Decreased performance with demanind social and work environments

Stage 4 of Reisburg’s stages of Dementia

“Mild Dementia”
Clear cut deficits on medical assessments
Difficulty handling finances
Difficulty with driving, shopping, ordering food
Denial
Deficits in all IADLS
Need assistance at home

Stage 5 of Reisburg's stages of Dementia

Moderate Dementia Requires cues and assistance to perform ADL and IADL Cannot live alone Forget important facts: phone number and address Frequently disoriented to time and place No longer safe to drive

Stage 6 of Reisburg's stages of Dementia

``` Moderately severe dementia Incomplete sentences Struggles to follow 2-step commands Personality and emotional changes-anxious and irritable, obsessive behaviors Incontinent Needs assistance with all ADLs ```

Stage 7 of Reisburg Stages of Dementia

``` Severe Dementia Bed bound Cannot talk May be in vegetative state Total assistance, around the clock care Secondary Complications are common (pneumonia) ```

Where do debicutous ulcers generally occur?

Bony prominences

What is the best position for client with hemiparesis for sidelying on affected side?

Protract arm forward to allow optimal soft-tissue lengthening

What is the best way to increase stabilization for those with intention tremors while feeding?

Stabilize BUE on counter/table top

How can you provide fall prevention in those with Alzheimer's?

Engagement in activity based interventions with daily structure

What is the focus of OT intervention in the mild stage of dementia?

1. Establish daily routines and post them in familiar places | 2. Use environmental aids for memory

What is the focus of OT intervention in the moderate stage of Dementia?

1. Avoid learning new tasks 2. Simplify environment and make items accessible 3. Interpret behavior problems by finding the source 4. Use reality orientation with pictures and videos 5. Encourage stretching and walking

What is the focus of OT intervention in the moderate to severe stage of dementia?

1. Use of 2 or less steps in highly familiar tasks 2. Rehearse and review family members using pics 3. Encourage SBA exercise and stretching

What is the foucs of OT intervention during the severe stage of dementia?

1. Encourage caregiver to use respite care 2. Instruction on skin inspection and PROM 3. Controlled sensory stimulation

What is the focus of OT in early HD?

1. Memory aids and organizing the environment | 2. Built up handles, unbreakable dishes, chairs with high backs and armrests

What is the focus of OT in middle stage HD?

1. Purposeful activity engagement (leisures) 2. Let others handle finances 3. Simple written and verbal cues for ADLs 4. Seated ADLS 5. Propel w/c with legs 6. Schedule breaks throughout day

What isthe focus of OT in late stage HD?

1. Positioning 2. Splints 3. Provide accsess switch to TV, Computer, or Radio

What is the focus of OT in stage 1 PD?

1. Work eval 2. Work simplification 3. Frequent rests 4. Built up utensils

What is the focus of OT in stage 2 PD?

1. energy conseravtion during ADLs 2. Trunk rotation exercises 3. Driving assessment

What is the focus of OT in stage 3 and 4 of PD?

1. Environmental mods at home (raised toilet seat, chairs with arm rests)

What is the focus of OT in stage 5 of PD?

Environmental access with use of controls