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NBCOT > Hands and UE > Flashcards

Hands and UE Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of treatment does the Duran protocol recommend

A

Early passive range of motion

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2
Q

What kind of treatment does the kleinert protocol recommend

A

Active extension of digits with passive flexion via traction

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3
Q

What is a benefit to early active motion

A

Prevent adhesions and promote tendon gliding

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4
Q

When would you immobilize a joint

A

For people incapable of caring for self like children or people with a low cognitive cognitive ability

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5
Q

Name six effects of cryotherapy

A 
Decreased edema 
decrease muscle spasm 
decrease inflammation 
decrease metabolic activity 
decreased nerve conduction velocity
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6
Q

What are the contraindications and precautions for use of cryotherapy

A 
Impaired circulation 
peripheral vascular disease
 hypersensitivity to cold 
impaired sensation 
open wounds or infections
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7
Q

What are the effects for thermotherapy

A

Increase blood flow
decrease muscle spasm
decreased pain

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8
Q

What are the precautions and contraindications for use of thermotherapy

A 
acute inflammation 
edema 
sensory impairment 
cancer
 blood clots
 infection 
cardiac problems 
impaired cognition
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9
Q

Misty effects of using continuous ultrasound

A 
Increase tissue extensibility
 increase blood flow 
decrease pain 
decrease joint stiffness 
decreased muscle spasm 
decreased chronic inflammation
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10
Q

Name the effects of pulsed ultrasound

A

Increase protein synthesis
increase bone healing
decrease inflammation

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11
Q

What is phonophoresis

A

Use of ultrasound to promote absorption of topically Applied medication to accelerate to to repair and decrease inflammation

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12
Q

What are the precautions and contraindications for use of ultrasound

A 
Pregnancy 
used over the eyes 
used over a pacemaker 
bleeding 
infection
 cancer 
blood clots and
 use over the growth plate of a children child
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13
Q

What are the effects of the use of NMES

A 
promote wound healing
 maintains muscle mass
 increased range of motion
 facilitates voluntary muscle control 
decreases edema 
increases muscle spasms 
decreases muscle spasticity
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14
Q

Name the effects of use of a TENS unit

A

Controls pain

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15
Q

What are the contraindications and precautions for use of electrical stimulation

A 
Don't place over pacemaker for carotid sinus or pregnant uterus or eyes.
epilepsy
 cancer
 infection 
cardiac disease 
history of stroke 
decreased sensation
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16
Q

Describe the splint used for carpal tunnel syndrome

A

Wrist in neutral to 10 degrees of extension

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17
Q

Name the splint used for ulnar nerve injury at the wrist

A

Block MCP of fingers 4 + 5 to 30-45 degrees of flexion in order to prevent hyperextension

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18
Q

Type of splint used for radial nerve injury

A

Wrist cock up splint

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19
Q

Type of splint for pronator syndrome

A

Forearm and wrist in neutral elbow in 90 degrees of flexion

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20
Q

Type of splint for radial tunnel syndrome

A

position the wrist in 30 degrees of flexion supinate the forearm and have the elbow in 90 degrees of flexion

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21
Q

What is the purpose of a dynamic splint

A

To correct contractures increase passive range of motion and protect recent surgery

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22
Q

When evaluating range of motion on a brachial plexus injury how high can you abduct the shoulder

A

90 degrees

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23
Q

What kind of splint is used for a flexor tendon injury

A

Dorsal blocking splint

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24
Q

what is a resting hand splint used for

A

To prevent deformities like with rheumatoid arthritis

25
What is a boutonniere deformity
Pip flexion and D IP hyperextension
26
What is a swan neck deformity
PIP hyperextension and dip flexion
27
What is a Smith's fracture
Complete fracture of distal radius with Palmar displacement
28
what are the symptoms of a radial nerve injury
Wrist drop lack of finger and thumb extension
29
Name two assessments for upper extremity sensation
Semmes Weinstein monofilament used for nerve compression | two point discrimination used for nerve laceration and Recovery
30
Name the symptoms of an ulnar nerve injury
Ulnar claw claw deformity numbness of ulnar side of hands generalized weakness with owner side of hand and pain
31
What is a Colles fracture
Complete fracture of distal radius with dorsal displacement
32
What are the symptoms of radial tunnel syndrome
Burning pain in the lateral forearm caused by entrapment of radial nerve between Radiohead and supinateor muscle
33
What is De Quervain's syndrome
It is a cumulative trauma resulting in tenosynovitis of the thumb and tendons in the first dorsal compartment of the wrist. It is caused by the forceful repetition of thumb abduction
34
How should the elbow be splinted for cubital tunnel syndrome
between 30-90 degrees of flexion
35
What is phalen's test
Hold the wrist in full flexion for 1 minute to elicit changes in sensation to test for CTS
36
What is tinel's sign
Tap on the median nerve at the wrist or tap over cubital tunnel to elicit symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome or cubital tunnel syndrome
37
What are the symptoms of complex regional pain syndrome
``` Allodynia hyper algia hyperpathia edema contractures bluish or red shiny skin abnormal sweating and hair growth muscle spasms decreased strength low activity tolerance ```
38
What is wartenberg sign
V finger is held abducted from the ring finger this shows entrapment of the radial nerve radial tunnel syndrome
39
What is mallet finger
Avulsion of the terminal tendon
40
What is mallet finger
Avulsion of the terminal tendon. Splint in full extension for 6 weeks
41
What is the Finkelstein test
Place your thumb in your fist and ulnar deviate to test for dequervain's syndrome
42
what splint is used for dequervain's syndrome
Forearm based thumb Spica
43
What are the symptoms of cubital tunnel syndrome
Decreased sensation in the little finger and on our half of the ring finger decreased grip and pinch strength
44
what is cubital tunnel syndrome
Proximal ulnar nerve compression at elbow between the medial epicondyle and olecranon. Common causes of fracture at the elbow osteoarthritis rheumatoid arthritis diabetes
45
What is froment's sign
Flexion of the IP joints of the thumb when lateral pinch is attempted
46
What are the interventions for complex regional pain syndrome
Gentle active range of motion for short periods stress loading pain control edema control desensitization and tendon gliding. Avoid passive range of motion
47
what are the symptoms of a median nerve injury
Ape hand deformity sensory loss in the index middle and radio half of ring finger loss of pinch thumb opposition and decrease pronation
48
when do you begin active range of motion for post fracture?
3-6 weeks post
49
what is a Bennett's FX?
intra-articular FX of thumb metacarpal bone
50
what is Keinbock's Disease?
necrosis of lunate bone
51
what is a Boxer's fx
FX of MCP of 4th and 5th digits
52
what does a positive Froment's sign indicate?
weak adductor policis and flexor policis
53
What are two tests for Cubital Tunnel Syndrome? | (compressed upper ulnar nerve
1. Wartenburg (5th finger abducted from 4th) | 2. Froment (Flexed IP of the thumb with lateral pinch)
54
What type of splint would benefit someone with OA of thumb CMC joint?
Hand-based thumb spica splint | The splint will support thumb as a functional post.
55
Describe the purpose of a Dynamic MCP flexion splint
Provides correct angle of pull for finger loop = 90 degrees. | Distributes pressure more evenly to proximal phalanx
56
What is the proper intervention for a nondisplaced humeral neck fracture?
Support with sling and supervised ROM
57
When is MILD HEAT best used?
Before or during passive stretching to increase ROM, circulation, decrease discomfort
58
When is DEEP HEAT best used?
Contractures Scarring Pain Muscle spasms
59
What is the focus of intervention for CRPS Type 1 (traumatic stage)?
Focus on pain and edema management with AROM | Include stress loading program

NBCOT (15 decks)

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