Neurocognitive Disorders and Conduct Disorders Flashcards
What is the MOA of Stimulant Medications?
What Stimulant medications are available for treating ADD/ADHD?
Blocks reuptake and increases the release of NE and dopamine in the extraneuronal space (sympathomimetic)
Methylphenidate, Amphetamine/Dextroampthetamine, Demthylphenidate
What is a non-stimulant option for treating ADD/ADHD?
What is the MOA of this medication?
Atomoxetine (Strattera)
Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Similar efficacy and adverse effect profile as simulants
What are some adverse effects associated with Atomoxetine (Strattera)?
Dry mouth, decreassed appetite, and insomnia
What are some adverse effects of simulants?
What are the indications for simulants?
- Abdominal pain
- Insomnia
- Weight Loss
- Dizziness
- Vomiting
- Anxiety
- Hypertension/tachycardia
- Growth Delay
- Addiction
ADD/ADHD, Nacolepsy, Excessive Day time sleepiness
What form of methylphenidate could be used for a child who has a household member who has a history of drug misuse?
Methyphenidate Patch
What dietary supplement is recommended as complementary medicine for children with autistic spectrum disorder?
Melatonin is recommended to help with sleep in children with autism spectrum disorder
What is a recommended mind and body therapy that may help improve communication skills and social integration in children with autism spectrum disorder?
Music Therapy
An 11-year-old boy presents to his psychiatrist for a regular 3-month follow-up for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. His symptoms have responded well to methylphenidate 5 mg twice daily in the past, and the decision is made to restart the same medication regimen. Which of the following need to be obtained every 3 months?
A. CBC
B. ECG
C. Patient Health Questionnaire-9
D. Vital signs
What should be ordered when starting stimulent medication?
Vital Signs
Full physical exam, Vital signs, baseline EKG
A 10-year-old boy presents to the clinic with his parent for evaluation after getting in trouble in class for repeatedly leaving his seat. His parent states he has trouble listening, misplaces items frequently, has trouble completing school work, is easily distracted by his younger sister, and frequently makes careless mistakes on his homework. He has no significant medical or psychiatric history. What underlying brain dysfunction is the primary etiology of the most likely condition?
A. Deficiency of monoamine neurotransmitters
B. Hyperactivity of the amygdala and increased serotonin levelsYour Answer
C. Hypoactivity of dopamine and norepinephrine in the frontal-subcortical circuits
D. Imbalance between the direct and indirect loops of cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical neural circuit
Hypoactivity of dopamine and norepinephrine in the frontal-subcoritcal cicuits
