Neurobiology Flashcards

1
Q

Structured imaging techniques show

A

structure (tumors and atrophies)

done by CT’s and MRI’s

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2
Q

Functional imaging techniques show

A

function
done by PETS
SPECT
fMRI

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3
Q

major brain functions

A
homeostasis
regulation of ANS and hormones
sleep/ wake cycles
memory 
social skills
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4
Q

function of frontal lobe

A

thought process (thinking, planning, organizing and problem solving skills, personality, behavior)

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5
Q

damage to frontal lobe can cause

A

inability to plan and sequence steps/actions
mood changes (emotional labile)
Brocha’s aphasia
perseveration (OCD, obsessive thinking of one single thought)

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6
Q

perseveration

A

persistence of a single thought

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7
Q

emotional labile

A

mood changes

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8
Q

Broca’s Aphasia

A

Inability to express language

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9
Q

function of parietal lobe

A

perception; making sense of the world; math and spelling

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10
Q

damage to parietal lobe can cause

A

problems with reading, naming objects, drawing and math
difficulty distinguishing left from right
lack of awareness of certain body parts
apraxia

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11
Q

apraxia

A

difficulty controlling fine and gross motor movements

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12
Q

function of temporal lobe

A

memory, understanding, auditory, language

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13
Q

damage to temporal lobe can cause

A
prosopagnosia
wernicke's aphasia
difficulty with identification of, and verbalization about objects
short term and long term memory loss
persistent talking
MANIA
increased aggressive behavior
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14
Q

prosopagnosia

A

hard time recognizing familiar faces

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15
Q

Wernicke’s aphasia

A

difficulty understanding spoken word

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16
Q

function of occipital lobe

17
Q

damage to the occipital lobe can cause

A

visual field cuts
hallucinations
visual illusions (seeing a coat rack and thinking it is a person)
inability to recognize words or drawn objects
movement agnosia

18
Q

movement agnosia

A

inability to recognize the movement of objects

19
Q

corpus callosum

A

relays information between hemispheres

if damaged cannot relay info

20
Q

left side of the brain

A

logical

if damaged less ability to feel emotion

21
Q

right side of the brain

A

emotional

if damaged difficult to control emotions and problem solve; less of object constancy

22
Q

serotonin

A

inhibitory

mood, emotion, sleep, pain, and appetite

23
Q

serotonin is decreased in

A

depression and anxiety

addiction

24
Q

dopamine

A

excitatory
pleasurable feelings, complex motor activities
plays roll in hallucinations

25
dopamine is decreased in
depression and addiction
26
dopamine is increased in
mania | schizophrenia
27
norepinephrine
stimulates ANS fight or flight mood, attention span, arousal
28
norepinephrine is decreased in
depression
29
norepinephrine is increased in
mania, anxiety, schizophrenia
30
GABA
inhibitory reduces anxiety, aggression, stress regulates norepinephrine, adrenaline, dopamine, serotonin
31
GABA is decreased in
anxiety mania schizophrenia
32
increased GABA decreases what?
anxiety
33
glutamate
excitatory
34
increase in glutamate causes
seizures | neurodegeneration in alzheimers
35
decrease in glutamate causes
psychosis, autism, OCD, depression | schizophrenia
36
neuroplasticity
ability for brain to create new pathways represents new knowledge repetition is important
37
synaptic pruining
removal of unused/damaged neural structures have more as a child and less as adult to much pruning can cause schizophrenia