Intro into psych Flashcards
Define the difference between mental health and mental illness
Mental health- state of well being, can realize own potential, cope with normal stress. rational thinking, communication, learning, emotional growth, resilience, and self esteem.
Mental illness- changes in emotion, thinking or behavior. characterized by disturbance in individual cognition, behaviors and feelings, disease of the brain
attributes that contribute to mental health
rational thinking effective coping resiliency self-control self-awareness developmentally on task happiness and joy self-care positive self-concept learning and productivity effective communication meaningful relationships spiritual satisfaction
mental health care in the US
Deinstitutionalization- moving from inpatient to outpatient care
prisons are still a destination for mentally ill
revolving door treatment ( using ER’s for outpatient care if they do not meet inpatient criteria)
social influences of mental health in US
- consumer movement/recovery
- NAMI
- surgeon generals report on mental health
- new freedom commission on mental health (advocates for early diagnosis and treatment, assists with housing and employment)
- brain research through advancing innovative neurotechnology initiative
Define stigma and ways to fight it
widespread fear and misunderstanding of mental illness fight by: Talking openly educate yourself and others be conscious of your language show empathy and compassion stop criminalization push back how mentally ill are portrayed in film advocate encourage equality see the person not the illness
Describe the purpose of the mental health parity
1996
parity= equivalence
requires insurance companies to provide equal treatment coverage for psychiatric disorders
barriers to the delivery of adequate and accessible mental healthcare
need is increasing
limited access to mental health services (transportation, long waits for care, income/cost and insurance parity)
provider limitations (numbers and current knowledge)
STIGMA
identify the different types of psychiatric admissions; voluntary, involuntary, 72 hours hold, civil rights
voluntary- both individual and health professional agree on admission
involuntary- health professional feels admission is necessary and patient refuses, can turn into 72 hr hold
72 hour hold- court ordered treatment, if pt better after 72 hours can be released if not physician can petition court for extended stay and care
rights of hospitalized pt- to receive and refuse tx, treated with dignity, involved in tx planning and decisions, leave hospital against medical advice, protection against harming self and others, legal counsel, private communication, informed consent, confidentiality, least restrictive treatment, participate in religious worship
Describe the least restrictive means of treatment
assess the patient to see what’s wrong
encourage pt to go to room to decrease stimulation
offer PRN meds
escort to seclusion area
administer PRN IM med
restraints used only if patient is a danger to themselves or others
explain what is meant by a therapeutic milieu
refers to surroundings and physical environment of the inpatient hospital unit
provides sense of safety and security
practice communication and coping skills
provides activities, unit rules, reality orientation practices and groups.
therapeutic milieu consists of
containment (provisions of needs: food, shelter, safety and security)
support (offer of encouragement, praise and positive feedback)
validation (respecting privacy, cultural needs, feelings lead to holistic health)
structure (control and limitation of maladaptive behaviors and setting limits)
involvement (promoting the self-efficacy of client)
Recovery
process of change through which individuals improve their health and wellness, self directed, and strive to reach full potential.
Dual-diagnosis
co-occurring mental illness and substance use disorder
comorbidity
two co-occurring chronic illnesses
adherence
sticking to a plan of care
