Neuroanatomy Pearls Flashcards
The central sulcus separates which lobes?
Frontal and parietal
What does the calcarine sulcus separate?
Superior and inferior halves of the occipital lobe
What does the sylvian sulcus separate?
Anterior part: temporal and frontal
Posterior part: temporal and parietal
Enumerate the parts of the homunculus from medial to lateral
Leg Trunk Arm Hand Face
Brodmann area and part responsible for:
- Auditory
- Visual
- Auditory B41, 42, 22 Transverse temporal gyri on the floor of sylvian fissure
- Visual B18, 19 Superior and inferior banks of the calcarine sulcus
What are the members of the limbic cortex?
- Amygdala
- Hippocampal formation
- Temporal lobe
- Hypothalamus
What parts are usually attacked by
- Rabies
- Herpes
- Rabies Hippocampus
2. Herpes Temporal lobe
What are the six tenets of the the neuron doctrine?
Each neuron is a/an ______ unit:
- Anatomic
- Functional
- Directional
- Genetic
- Pathologic
- Regenerative
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
8C 12T 5L 5S Total 30!
What does the law of Bell and Magendie state?
Dorsal roots convey sensory actions while the ventral roots convey motor axons
What dermatome level? 1 Hood 2 Cape 3 Middle finger 4 Nipple 5 Umbilicus 6 Groin 7 Anus 8 Large toe 9 Small Toe
1 Hood C2 2 Cape C3-4 3 Middle finger C7 4 Nipple T4 5 Umbilicus T10 6 Groin L1 7 Anus S5 8 Large toe L5 9 Small Toe S1
What forms the:
- Medial lemniscus
- Spinal lemniscus
- Lateral lemniscus
M: Fibers from the fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus
S: Spinal gray matter
L: Auditory pathway
What passes throught the medial longitudinal fasciculus?
Connects the vestibular nuclei with CN 3 4 6 and the spinal cord
Where does each the CN exit?
I Cribriform plate 2 Optic foramen 3 4 6 V1 Superior orbital fissure V2 Foramen rotundum V3 Foramen ovale 7 and 8 Internal auditory meatus 9 10 and 11 Jugular foramen 12 Hypoglossal foramen
What are the 3 CN nuclei located on the midbrain?
Oculomotor M
Trochlear M
Trigeminal S
What are the 4 CN nuclei located on the pons?
5 M and S
6 M
7 M
8 S
What are the 2 CN nuclei in the spine?
11 and 5
The nucleus ambiguus is composed of?
Motor: 9 and 10
A for action
The nucleus sollitarius is composed of?
Sensory: 7, 9 and 10
S for sensory and Seven
What are the functions of the
rostral
caudal
parts of the reticular formation
Rostral above mid pontine to caudal end of diencephalon consciousness
Caudal below mid pontine to rostral end of spinal cord breathing and bp and feeding related actions (baboy)
B for baba
The sensory component of the carotid body and sinus utilizes which cranial nerve?
9
What is the ONLY sensory modality that DOES NOT pass through the thalamus?
Smell
What thalamic relay nucleus is responsible for the 1 Trigeminal leminiscus
2 Medial lemniscus
3 Spinal lemniscus
1 Trigeminal leminiscus VPM
2 Medial lemniscus (N. gracilis) VPL
3 Spinal lemniscus VPL
Where do the fibers from pain and temperature nerves decussate?
At or near the level of spinal cord entry
Which 2 sensory modalities are exceptions to the contralaterality law?
Smell and hearing because they have equally decussated axons
Where do fibers of the corticospinal component decussate?
Cervicomedullary junction
Cerebellar hemisphere lesions causes paralysis/ ataxia of which side?
ipsilateral
Where does the cortico ponto cerebellar pathway decussate?
How about the dentato thalamic pathway?
Basis pontis
Caudal midbrain
Cerebellar lesions causes what kind of tremor?
How about basal ganglia lesions?
CEREBELLAR: Tremor during VOLITIONAL MOVEMENT NOT AT REST! Combined with uncoordinated contractions or ataxia of muscles during voluntary movement
BG: Tremors may have resting component and involuntary movements may also occur
The neostriatum is composed of?
Putamen and caudate nucleus
The lentiform nucleus is composed of?
Putamen and globus pallidus
Where does the medial longitudinal fasciculus decussate?
Near the 6th nerve to make the medial rectus act equal to the lateral rectus
