neuroanatomy: blood supply of the brain Flashcards
the brain is supplied by 2 arteries; which are ?
- internal carotid artery ( ICA)
- vertebral artery
internal carotid artery supplies what type of circulation of the brain?
anterior circulation of the brain ; is supplied via internal carotid artery
vertebral artery supplies what type of circulation of the brain?
posterior circulation of the brain; is supplied via vertebrobasillar artery.
ICA gives what percentage of blood to the brain and vertebral gives what % of blood to brain ?
ICA - 80%
vertebral - 20%
ICA ascends to the brain and then splits, giving rise to two major cerebral arteries; what are they called?
the anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery
what connects the two major cerebral arteries together ( anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery )
anterior communicating artery
what gives rise to the posterior communicating artery ?
the internal carotid artery
what does the anterior cerebral artery supply?
the frontal lobe and the medial part of the parital lobes
what does the medial cerebral artery supply ?
lateral surface of cerebral hemispheres
before the ICA splits into two, it gives rise to what branch
the choroidal artery
the choiroidal artery supplies what important structure?
The choroidal arteries are a network of arteries that primarily supply blood to the choroid plexus, which is a specialized structure located within the ventricles of the brain. The choroid plexus is responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
what does the posterior communicating artery connect ? (2)
posterior connecting artery connects the ICA and POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERIES together (thus, anterior and posterior circulations of the brain are connected )
the vertebral artery overall gives rise to what generally speaking?
posterior cerebellar artery
what two branches do the posterior cerebellar arteries give rise to ?
- posterior inferior cerebellar artery ( PICA)
- Superior Cerebellar Artery (SCA)
what does the posterior inferior cerebellar artery supply?
it supplies the posterior inferior portion of the cerebellum and the choroid plexus of fourth
ventricle
what gives rise to the anterior inferior cerebellar artery ?
the posterior inferior cerebellar artery branches off to supply the anterior inferior cerebellar artery branch. the AICA gives rise to the anterior inferior portion of the cerebellum and the pons
the anterior spinal artery supplies the anterior spinal cord; where does the anterior spinal artery branch off from ?
the vertebral artery
the vetebral artery comes together to form what artery and at what level ?
- basillar artery at the level of the base of the pons
the basillar artery gives rise to what two types of arteries ?
- anterior inferior cerebellar artery
- superior cerebellar artery
( 2 of each of the 2 types )
at the level of what structure of the brainstem, does the basillar artery split into two posterior cerebral arteries
at the level of the midbrain
the posterior cerebral arteries supply what areas of the cerebral hemispehere ?
medial and inferior surfaces of the occipital and temporal lobes
the anterior cerebral arteries and the ICA and the posterior cerebral arteries are all connected to form the ?
CIRCLE OF WILLIS
the connection between the anterior cerebral artery, ICA, posterior cerebral artery, allows for what, during the blockage of a vessel on one side of the brain
it allows for blood flow to continue if a major vessel is blocked on one side of the brain.
