Neuroanatomy Flashcards
What are the 12 cranial nerves?
Olfactory
Optic
Oculomotor
Trochlear
Trigeminal
Abducens
Facial
Vestibulocochlear
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Spinal Accessory
Hypoglossal
Does sensory go in to the front or back of the spine?
Back
Like a big sensitive hug
Does motor go out the anterior or posterior of the spinal cord?
Busts out anteriorly
What is the dermatome for the male nipple?
T4
What is the dermatome for the umbilicus
T10
What are the two intrinsic back muscles?
Erector spinae (superficial)
Transversospinalis (Deep)
Through what hole does:
V1
V2
V3
Exit the skull
What supplies the orange bit and where does it come from?
Great auricular nerve
C2,C3
What supplies sensory to the anterior 2/3s of the tounge?
V3
Through what holes does the facial nerve leave the face?
Internal acoustic meatus
Stylomastoid foramen
What supplies parasympathetic to the parotid gland?
Glossopharyngeal nerves
What supplies visceral afferent to the carotid sinus receptors?
Glossopharyngeal nerves
What does the uvuala go if there is vagus nerve dmg?
Away from the bad side
What way will the tounge point if there is damage to hypoglossal nerve?
towards the injured nerve
What artery crosses the deep aspect of the pterion?
Middle meningeal artery
What is the tentorium cerebelli made up off?
Tough sheet of dura matter
What is the dura matter strip running in the sagital plane called?
Falx Cerebri
what is the volume of CSF produced per day?
500 mls/day
What produces CSF?
Choroid plexus of ventricles
Where does the sub arachnoid space end?
s2
What connects the 3rd and 4th ventricles?
the cerebral aqueduct
How does CSF get from the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle?
Foramen of monro
What reabsorbs CSF?
Arachnoid Granulations
Ipsilateral Fixed Dilated pupil
Uncal Herniation
What does CNS mean?
Central Nervous System
What does PNS mean?
Peripheral Nerous System
What are the seven regions of the brain?
Cerebral hemisphere
Diencephalon
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla Oblongata
Spinal Cord
Cerebellum
Lable the seven regions of the brain
What do Neurons do?
- Receive information
- Intergrate information
- Transmit electrical pusles to another neuron or effector cell
What are Glial cells?
Support cells for the neurons
What type of cell is this?
Astrocyte
What cells produce myelin in the central nervous system ( but not the PNS)?
Oligodendrocytes
What do astrocytes do?
Support
Maintain blood brain barrier
enviromental homeostasis
What type of cell is this?
Microglia
What are Ependymal cells and where do you find them?
Ciliated cuboidal columnar epithelium that line the ventricles
What are the small cracks called?
Sulcus ( plural sulci)
What are the blocks called
Gyrus (plural gyri)
What are the deep cracks called?
Fissures
Name this structure
Posterior Columns
Name this sturcture
Posterior Dorsal Horn
Name all the arrows
Posterior horn
Posterior columns
Lateral Columm
Anterior column
Anterior horn
Name the Different features of the brain shown below
What are the diferent parts of the brain shown here
What are the different parts of the brain shown here?
What are the names of the arteries
What are microglia?
Cells of similar lineage to macrophages
responsible for immune monitoring and antigen presentation in the brain
Lable the venous drainage of the brain
What is the spinal cord made of ?
Outer layer of white matter
Inner “H” shaped layer of grey matter
What are the four columns of the spinal cord?
What is useful to remember about the ratio of white matter to grey matter in the spinal cord?
As you go down the cord the white matter occupies a smaller proportion of the cord
how are somatotopic organisation of the motor nureurons mapped on to the cortex?
Feet
Legs
Arms
Hands
Face
What are the three layers of the meninges?
Dura mater
Arachnoind Mater
Pia Mater
What are the 4 lobes of the Cerebral Hemispheres?
Frontal lobe
Parietal Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
Where do the dural venous sinuses drain in to?
Internal Jugular vein.
How does the spinal cord taper off ?
Terminates in a tapered cone called the conus medullaris
continues as the thin connective cord called the filum terminale
Where does the filum terminale attatch on to?
The dorsum of the coccyx
What does the denticulate ligament do?
its a ribbon of tissue on the lateral aspects of the spinal cord which attatch to the dura at points along the length of the cord .
What is the denticulate ligament made off?
Pial and arachnoid tissue
What do you find the lateral horns?
spinal segements T1 to L2
What is found inside the lateral horns?
Preganglionic Sympathetic neurons
What are the three aterial supplies to the spinal cord?
Three major longitudinal arteries
Segmental Arteries
Radicular Arteries
What is the epidural space?
The space between the dura of the spinal cord and the bone.
It is ustilized in epidural anaesthesia
What signals does the dorsal column deal with?
Fine touch and conscious proprioception
What does proprioception mean?
A sense or perception, usually at a subconscious level, of the movements and position of the body and especially its limbs, independent of vision;
What does the Corticospinal Tract do?
Fine precise movements particulary of distal limb muscles
What does the Tectospinal Tract do?
Mediates reflex head and neck movements due to visual stimuli
What does CNS mean?
Central Nervous System
What does PNS mean?
Peripheral Nerous System
What are the seven regions of the brain?
Cerebral hemisphere
Diencephalon
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla Oblongata
Spinal Cord
Cerebellum
Lable the seven regions of the brain
What do Neurons do?
- Receive information
- Intergrate information
- Transmit electrical pusles to another neuron or effector cell
What are Glial cells?
Support cells for the neurons
What type of cell is this?
Astrocyte
What cells produce myelin in the central nervous system ( but not the PNS)?
Oligodendrocytes
What type of cell is this?
Microglia
What are Ependymal cells and where do you find them?
Ciliated cuboidal columnar epithelium that line the ventricles
What are the small cracks called?
Sulcus ( plural sulci)
What are the blocks called
Gyrus (plural gyri)
What are the deep cracks called?
Fissures
Name this structure
Posterior Columns
Name this sturcture
Posterior Dorsal Horn
Name all the arrows
Posterior horn
Posterior columns
Lateral Columm
Anterior column
Anterior horn
Name the Different features of the brain shown below
What are the diferent parts of the brain shown here
What are the different parts of the brain shown here?
What are the names of the arteries
Lable the venous drainage of the brain
What is the spinal cord made of ?
Outer layer of white matter
Inner “H” shaped layer of grey matter
What are the four columns of the spinal cord?
What is useful to remember about the ratio of white matter to grey matter in the spinal cord?
As you go down the cord the white matter occupies a smaller proportion of the cord
how are somatotopic organisation of the motor nureurons mapped on to the cortex?
Feet
Legs
Arms
Hands
Face
Lable the seven regions of the brain
What type of cell is this?
Astrocyte
What cells produce myelin in the central nervous system ( but not the PNS)?
Oligodendrocytes
What type of cell is this?
Microglia
What are Ependymal cells and where do you find them?
Ciliated cuboidal columnar epithelium that line the ventricles
What are the small cracks called?
Sulcus ( plural sulci)
What are the blocks called
Gyrus (plural gyri)
What are the deep cracks called?
Fissures
Name this structure
Posterior Columns
Name this sturcture
Posterior Dorsal Horn
Name all the arrows
Posterior horn
Posterior columns
Lateral Columm
Anterior column
Anterior horn
Name the Different features of the brain shown below
What are the diferent parts of the brain shown here
What are the different parts of the brain shown here?
What are the names of the arteries
Lable the venous drainage of the brain
What is the spinal cord made of ?
Outer layer of white matter
Inner “H” shaped layer of grey matter
What are the four columns of the spinal cord?
What is useful to remember about the ratio of white matter to grey matter in the spinal cord?
As you go down the cord the white matter occupies a smaller proportion of the cord
how are somatotopic organisation of the motor nureurons mapped on to the cortex?
Feet
Legs
Arms
Hands
Face
Lable the seven regions of the brain
What type of cell is this?
Astrocyte
What cells produce myelin in the central nervous system ( but not the PNS)?
Oligodendrocytes
What type of cell is this?
Microglia
What are Ependymal cells and where do you find them?
Ciliated cuboidal columnar epithelium that line the ventricles
What are the small cracks called?
Sulcus ( plural sulci)
What are the blocks called
Gyrus (plural gyri)
What are the deep cracks called?
Fissures
Name this structure
Posterior Columns
Name this sturcture
Posterior Dorsal Horn
Name all the arrows
Posterior horn
Posterior columns
Lateral Columm
Anterior column
Anterior horn
Name the Different features of the brain shown below
What are the diferent parts of the brain shown here
What are the different parts of the brain shown here?
What are the names of the arteries
Lable the venous drainage of the brain
What is the spinal cord made of ?
Outer layer of white matter
Inner “H” shaped layer of grey matter
What are the four columns of the spinal cord?
What is useful to remember about the ratio of white matter to grey matter in the spinal cord?
As you go down the cord the white matter occupies a smaller proportion of the cord
how are somatotopic organisation of the motor nureurons mapped on to the cortex?
Feet
Legs
Arms
Hands
Face
