Neuroanatomy

Question 1

The Neuron

Answer 1

Transmits electrical signals through NS

3 main components: cell body, dendrites, axons

Question 2

CNS

Answer 2

Brain and spinal cord
Nuclei
Grey matter: neuronal cell bodies
White matter: axons and glial cell bodies 
Tracts: 
Association tract: within hemispheres
Commissures: between hemispheres

Question 3

PNS

Answer 3

The somatic and autonomic nervous system

Question 4

Forebrain

Answer 4

Cortex
Basal ganglia
Limbic system 
Thalamus
Hypothalamus

Question 5

Midbrain

Answer 5

Superior/inferior colliculi

Lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN)

Question 6

Hindbrain

Answer 6

Medulla
Pons
Cerebellum

Question 7

Medulla

Answer 7

Autonomic functions e.g. respiration, heart rate, arousal, digestion
Contains pyramidal decussation - motor nerves cross

Question 8

Pons

Answer 8

Many cranial nerve synapses
Arousal modulation
REM sleep

Question 9

Cerebellum

Answer 9

Coordinated movement

Integrates info about body with motor commands

Question 10

Superior and Inferior Colliculus

Answer 10

Superior: visual orienting, multisensory integration
Inferior: auditory orienting

Question 11

Thalamus

Answer 11

Sensory relay station

Involved in neural circuits with many other cortical structures

Question 12

Hypothalamus

Answer 12

Link between nervous system and endocrine system
Hormone production
Homeostasis

Question 13

Basal Ganglia

Answer 13

Involved in reward and goal-oriented behaviour

Question 14

Limbic System

Answer 14

Regulation of motivated behaviours
Four F’s: fleeing, feeding, fighting and sexual behaviour
Emotion