Neuroanatomy Flashcards
Somatic NS
Nerves that interconnect the brain & major muscles & sensory systems
Autonomic NS
Controls organs, including heart & intestines
Sympathetic NS pathway
Axons exit from spinal cord, go short distance then innervate sympathetic ganglia. Then spread through body
Parasympathetic NS pathway
Travel longer than sympathetic nerves before terminating in parasympathetic ganglia
Cerebral cortex
Outer covering of cerebral hemispheres
performs complex cognitive processing
Gyri
Resultant ridges of tissue are separated by sulci (cervices)
Corpus Callosum
Connects axons to left & right hemispheres
Brainstem components (3)
Midbrain, pons, medulla
Hindbrain components (3)
Cerebellum, pons, medulla
Cortical columns
vertical columns that constitute the basic organization for the cerebral cortex
Basal Ganglia
Group of forebrain nuclei; found deep within cerebral hemispheres; crucial in skill learning
Amygdala
limbic structure involved in emotional regulation & perception of odor
Hippocampus
Medial temporal lobe structure important for spatial cognition, learning, memory
Nerve s that transmit information about smell
Olfactory nerve
Nerve that carry visual info from eyes
Optic
Nerves that convey information about hearing & balance
Vestibulocochlear
Nerves that move the eyes
Oculomotor, Trochlear, & Abducens
Nerves that control neck muscles
Spinal accessory
Nerve that controls tongue
Hypoglossal
Nerves that transmit facial muscles & receive taste sensation
facial
Nerves that receive taste sensations & sensations from throat & control throat muscles
glossopharyngeal
Nerve that extends far from head, running to heart, liver, & intestines/other organs
Vagus
