Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Asci Exam 2 > Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pons related to?

A

vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the medulla oblongata realted to?

A

Vital functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the spinal cord do?

A

Connects your brain to your lower back and carries nerve signals from your brain to your body and vice versa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the olfactory bulb related to?

A

sense of smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the optic chiasm?

A

Happens when the optic nerves come together in order to allow for the crossing of fibers from the nasal retina to the optic tract on the right side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the optic nerve related to and why is it special?

A

It is related to vision in animals and the left eye is processed in the right and right eye in the left.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the hypophysis related to?

A

hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does afferent fibers mean?

A

related to sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does efferent fibers mean?

A

related to motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the ganglion?

A

structure containing nerve cell bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the two plexus?

A

brachial and lumbosacral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the parts of the central nervous system?

A

brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is included in the peripheral nerves?

A

spinal nerves and 12 pairs of cranial nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are general senses?

A

external stimuli, such as, pressure, stretch, and temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are considered special senses?

A

vision, hearing, taste, smell, balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the peripheral nervous system composed of?

A

peripheral nerves and their ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the peripheral nervous system divided into?

A

sensory (afferent) system and the motor (efferent) system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the order of the neural circuit?

A

1) Skin receptor 2) Afferent or sensory neuron 3) synapses on interneuron 4) interneuron 5) Efferent or motor neuron 6) Striated muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the two type of plexuses?

A

Brachial plexus and limb nerve plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What do astrocytes do?

A

They are a glial cells that make up majority of the cells in the CNS. They provide nutrition and support.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are oligodendrocytes?

A

The myelinating cells of the CNS that allow fast and efficient transfer of neuronal communication through the myelination of axons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What do schwann cells do?

A

They are a type of glial cell that surrounds neurons, keeping them alive. They are the major glial cell type in the peripheral nervous system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What can the CNS be divided into?

A

3 general regions, hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is in the hindbrain?

A

medulla oblongata, pons, and cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is in the midbrain?

A

Short portion of brainstem rostral to pons (around where oculomotor nerves emerge)

26
Q

What are the two regions of the forebrain?

A

diencephalon and telencephalon

27
Q

What is included in the diencephalon?

A
  1. epithalamus (including pineal gland) 2. Thalamus 3. hypothalamus (where the pituitary attaches)
28
Q

What are the parts of the telencephalon?

A

cerebral hemispheres (the 4 lobes names for their proximity to bones, frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital)

29
Q

What are the 12 cranial nerves and their things that help you remember them?

A

olfactory nerve, optic nerve, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial nerve, vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal. Old Opie Occasionally Tries Trigonometry And Feels Very Gloomy Vague And Hypoactive.

30
Q

What is the mnemonic to remember sensory, motor, or both

A

Some Say Money Matters, But My Brother Says Big Brains Matter More

31
Q

What doe the olfactory nerve do?

A

sensory information from olfactory cells of nasal mucosa

32
Q

What does the optic nerve do?

A

visual (sensory) information from the retina

33
Q

Oculomotor

A

motor (somatic efferent) to muscles of the eye and eyelid

34
Q

Trochlear

A

motor (somatic efferent) to muscles of the eye

35
Q

Trigeminal

A

sensory to skin and deep structures of face; motor to muscles of jaw

36
Q

Abducens

A

motor to muscles of eye

37
Q

Facial Nerve

A

sensory for taste; motor for lips, cheeks, eyelids, and auricular (ear) muscles plus secretory activity and lacrimal glands

38
Q

Vestibulocochlear

A

vestibular (balance) and auditory (hearing) information from the inner ear

39
Q

Glossopharyngeal

A

sensory to pharynx and root of tongue; motor and parotid gland

40
Q

Vagus

A

sensory of skin of ear, of larynx and pharynx, parasympathetic to viscera (neck, thorax, and abdomen)

41
Q

Accessory

A

Muscles of the dorsal neck and shoulder

42
Q

Hypoglossal

A

motor to muscles of the tongue

43
Q

What is the hypothalamus part of?

A

visceral nervous system

44
Q

What does the hypothalamus control?

A

control of biological rhythms, water balance, body temperature, cardiovascular performance, sexual behavior and activity, sleep, and emotion

45
Q

How does the hypothalamus regulate?

A

through both neural and endocrine mechanisms

46
Q

Where is the pituitary gland?

A

attached to the hypothalamus by a stalk of nerve fibers and tissue called the infundibulum

47
Q

What is the general cells in the visceral afferent pathways?

A

mechanoreceptors in the viscera and blood vessels, recognizes changes in pressure

48
Q

What are the two parts of the visceral afferent pathways?

A

general and special senses

49
Q

What does the autonomic nervous system control?

A

involuntary visceral effectors, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, glandular epithelial tissue, release of neurotransmitters into smooth muscles of the viscera

50
Q

What does the sympathetic release?

A

norepinephrine

51
Q

What does the parasympathetic release?

A

acetylcholine

52
Q

What are the two parts of the peripheral autonomic system?

A

sympathetic division (fight or flight) ad parasympathetic (rest and restore)

53
Q

What is the order of the brain membranes from outer to inner?

A
  1. dura mater 2. subdural space 3. arachnoid space 4. subarachnoid space 5. pia mater
54
Q

What is the order of spinal cord membranes from outer to inner?

A
  1. epidural space 2. dura mater 3. subdural space 4. arachnoid membrane 5. subarachnoid space 6. pia mater – adhered to spinal cord
55
Q

What kind of junctions are at ependymal cells?

A

tight junctions, no large molecules can get in

56
Q

What is CSF?

A

an ultrafiltrate of plasma

57
Q

What are the ventricles of the brain lined with?

A

epithelium, ependymal cells, which produce CSF

58
Q

What is a choroid plexus?

A

a capillary tuft invaginating into the ventricle and covered by the ependymal lining

59
Q

What is the blood-brain barrier?

A

It is where the capillaries of the brain and less permeable than the rest of the body. There is tight junctions of the vascular endothelial cells and transcellular transport occurs here.

60
Q

What are the spinal nerves of the forelimb?

A

radial nerve and median nerve

61
Q

What are the spinal nerves of the hindlimb?

A

femoral nerve, obturator nerve, sciatic nerve

Asci Exam 2 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions