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Neuro > Neuroanatomical Terms > Flashcards

Neuroanatomical Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Medial-lateral

A

Medial = towards the median plane
Lateral = away from the medial plane

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2
Q

Anterior-posterior (above the midbrain)

A

Anterior = toward the front of the brain
Posterior = toward the back of the brain

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3
Q

Anterior-Posterior (at and below the midbrain)

A

Anterior = towards the ventral surface of the body
Posterior = towards the dorsal surface of the body

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4
Q

Rostral-caudal (above the midbrain)

A

Rostrum = towards the front of the brain
Caudal = toward the back of the brain

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5
Q

Rostral-Caudal (at and below the midbrain)

A

Rostral = towards the cerebral cortex
Caudal = toward the sacral end / bottom of the spinal cord

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6
Q

Dorsal-ventral (above to the midbrain)

A

Dorsal = top of brain
Ventral = bottom of brain

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7
Q

Dorsal-ventral (at level of and caudal the midbrain)

A

Dorsal = towards the posterior surface of the body
Ventral = anterior surface of the body

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8
Q

Superior-inferior

A

Superior = toward the top of the cerebral cortex
Inferior = toward the bottom of the spinal cord

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9
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Same side with reference to a specific point

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10
Q

Contralateral

A

On the opposite side

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11
Q

Commisure

A

Group of nerve fibres connecting one side of the brain to the other

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12
Q

Decussation

A

Crossing over of nerve fibres

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13
Q

Neuron

A

Anatomical and functional unit of the nervous system, which consists of a cell body, dendrites and an axon

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14
Q

Glial Cells

A

Nonneural cells which form the interstitial tissue of the nervous system

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15
Q

5 types of glial cells

A

Astro yes
Oligodendrocytes
Microfilm
Ependymal cells

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16
Q

Nucleus

A

Group of neurones located in a specific region of the brain or spinal cord (within the CNS) that generally have a similar appearance, receive information from similar sources, project their axons to similar targets and share similar functions

17
Q

Tract / fasciculus

A

Many sons grouped together which typically pass from a given nucleus to a common target region or several regions. Similar to nerves but run entries within the CNS

18
Q

Ganglion

A

Similar to nuclei - group of neuronal cell bodies
Found OUTSIDE the CNS as a discrete swelling

19
Q

Afferent fibres

A

Axons that carry impulses towards the CNS or higher centres. Usually sensory or ascending fibres

20
Q

Efferent fibres

A

Axons which carry impulses away from the CNS/higher centres. Usually motor or descending fibres

21
Q

Sulcus/sulci

A

Depressions/grooves between the ridges of the cerebral hemispheres

22
Q

Gyrus/gyri

A

Folds or ridges that can be seen in the folding appearance of the cerebral hemispheres

Neuro (26 decks)

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