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Physical Diagnosis > Neuro/sports physical > Flashcards

Neuro/sports physical Flashcards

1
Q

steppage gait

A

drags foot or lifts leg really high they lift there leg up higher
b/c peroneal nerve inj or spinal nerve compression
B: ALS, Charcot-marie-tooth disease

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2
Q

Spastic Hemiparesis

A

drag toe, circle leg stiffly outward and forward, and lean trunk contralateral side
+ affected arm is flexed
-often with stroke

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3
Q

Scissors Gait

A
  • pt advances each leg slow and the thighs tend to cross

- seen in spasticity disorders > cerebral palsy

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4
Q

Sensory Ataxia

A 
unsteady gait and wide stance 
-throw feet forward and outward with double tap
-often watch ground 
becuase loss proprioception 
> peripheral neuropathy
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5
Q

Parkinsonian Gait

A

stooped posture with head, arm, hip, knee flexion
-shufflinf short steps; slow to start
cause: basal ganglia abnormalities
>parkinsons

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6
Q

Trendelenburg gait

A

pelvic drop leadding to waddle
-due to hip abductor weakness
U: spinal nerve compression (sup glut nerve inj)
B: musclular dystrophy

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7
Q

Romberg test

A

Stand wit feet together and eyes close
+ if unable to maintain upright posture
-test position sense
*post collun disease

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8
Q

Pronator Drift

A

stand with eyes closed elevate arms to shoulder level with palms up
abnormal: unable to keep arms up and or arm pronates and drifts down
> UMN lesion= possible stroke

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9
Q

Heel to Shin Test

A

Place heel at opposite knee slide down leg and backup
-should keep contact
Ab: cerebellar disease > heel over shoots knee and foot oscillates side to side
position sese- heel lifts to hight

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10
Q

Finger to Nose Test

A

ask pt to touch their finger to there nose and to you finger quickly and youll move your arms
Ab: dystmetria( go past finger)
intention tremor -MS
cerebellar disease

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11
Q

Rapid alternating movements

A

Pt places hands on thighs and alternate palms up and down

ab= dysdiadokineasia
>cerebellar disease

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12
Q

Abnormality of CN III

A

Veritcal and hortixonal diplopia

-ptosis

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13
Q

CN IV abnormality

A

Vertical diplopia

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14
Q

CN VI abnormal

A

Hortizontal diplopia

esotropia

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15
Q

Peripheral vs central CN VII problem

A

Bells Palsy- peripheral unlateral

Central- cerebral infart

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16
Q

CN IX abnormal

A

No gag reflex, lost of posterior taste

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17
Q

Vagus abnormality

A
  • poor ah quality
  • asymetry palate rase
  • hoarsness, dyspnea, dysarthria
  • loss of gag relflex
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18
Q

CN XII abnormal

A

central lesion- toungue deviation away

Peripheral lesion- toungue deviate to affected side

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19
Q

Allodynia

A

pain elicited from non painful stimulus

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20
Q

C5 dermatome

A

lateral upper arms

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21
Q

C6 dermatome

A

radial forearm and thumb

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22
Q

C7 derm

A

middle finger

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23
Q

C8 derm

A

ring and little finger

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24
Q

T1 derm

A

ulnar forearm

25
Q

T4 derm

A

nipple line

26
Q

T10 derm

A

umbilicus

27
Q

L1 derm

A

inguinal region

28
Q

L3 derm

A

ant proximal thigh

29
Q

L4 derm

A

knee and medial shin

30
Q

L5 derm

A

lateral shin dorsal foot GREAT TOE

31
Q

s1 serm

A

lateral plantar foot

32
Q

Static tremors

A

seen at rest

“pill rolling”- parkinsons

33
Q

Postural

A

seen when affected area maintains posture

> hyperthyroid, anxiety, fatigue, essential tremor

34
Q

Intention tremor

A

absent at rest appears with movement

MS

35
Q

Tics

A

breig repetative twitchings
- can be verbal or phycial
> tourettes or medications

36
Q

Dystonia

A

twisted posture of large body parts

> medications, spasmodic torticollis

37
Q

Dyskinesia

A

bizarre, rhythmic, repetative moements

-parkinsons diesaes psychoses or meds

38
Q

Akathisia

A

inability to sit still

>medications

39
Q

Chorea

A

breif jerky rapid upredictable movements

>huntingtons disease rheumatic fever

40
Q

Athestosis

A

slow twisting writhing movements

-cerebral palsy

41
Q

Shoulder abduction

A

C5

Axillary

42
Q

Elbow flx

A

C5 6

musculocutaneous

43
Q

elbow ext

A

c6 c7

radial

44
Q

wrist ext

A

c6 c7

radial

45
Q

wrist flx

A

C7 C8

median

46
Q

finger abduction

A

C8 T1

ulnar

47
Q

Thumb Opposition

A

C8 T1 Median

48
Q

Bicepts DTR

A

C5 C6

49
Q

Brachioradialis

A

C5 C6

50
Q

Tricepts DTR

A

C6 C7

51
Q

Patella DTR

A

L4

52
Q

Achilles DTR

A

S1

53
Q

CLonus

A

dorsi flex and plantar flex ankle repetedly

  • thin briskly dorsi flex ankle
  • will have rhythmic oscillations
  • confirm by check at wrist
54
Q

Babinski

A

L5 S1
stroke lateral aspect of foot from heel to ball
>normal for toes to flex
Ab: greater toe ext or fan out > suggest lesion of corticospinal tract

55
Q

Superficial abdonial reflex

A

stroke abdomen toward umbilicus
normal- muscle contracts toward umbilicus
> central and peripheral pathologies

56
Q

Cremasteric Reflex

A

stroke proximal medial thigh
-normal for ipsilateral testical to rise
L1 L2 nerve inj

57
Q

Brudzinski Sign

A

Supine then flex patient neck

norm: patient remains relaxed
abnorma: hip and knee flexion > signs of menigeal inflammation

58
Q

Kernig Sign

A

flex pt hip and knee and then straighten the knee

anormal: back pain and resistant indicating mengial irriation

Physical Diagnosis (4 decks)

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