Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Surgical > Neuro, Sensory, Musculo Study Set > Flashcards

Neuro, Sensory, Musculo Study Set Flashcards

1
Q

Treatment for ischemic stroke

A

Alteplase tPA therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do we treat a hemorrhagic stroke?

A

Surgical decompression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Risk factors of stroke?

A

Obesity, high cholesterol, hypertension, cocaine use, ATRIAL FIBRILATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do we diagnose stroke?

A

CT, MRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

F.A.S.T

A

Face droops, arm weakness, speech difficulty, time is critical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do we do if the patient is having autonomic dysreflexia?

A

1) immediately raise the head of the bed
2)notify the HCP
3)check for noxious stimuli
4) administer antihypertensive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Signs and symptoms of stroke?

A

Facial drooping, slurred speech, arm weakness, visual changes, headache, paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Right side of brain controls movement on?

A

Left side of body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Right side stroke patient will experience?

A

Behavioral changes (impulsive), memory deficits
(They always think they are right)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Left sided stroke pt will experience?

A

Language deficits, slow cautious behavior
(They think what is left for them)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the time frame for stroke?

A

3 hour window for treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why are we worried about stroke?

A

Hemorrhage or clot can result in brain tissue ischemia and loss of function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are signs and symptoms of retinal detachment?

A

Flashes of light, floating spots, loss of specific field of vision, curtain being drawn over eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Treatment for retinal detachment

A

Laser photocoagulation, cryotherapy, pneumatic retinopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Nursing care for retinal detachment

A

Cycloplegic, mydriatic, and anti infective eyedrops. Eye patches on the operative eye or both.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Glaucoma causes?

A

Loss of peripheral vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is glaucoma?

A

Increased intra ocular pressure due to obstruction of the outflow of aqueous humor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

S/S of glaucoma

A

Excruciating pain, colored halos around light, increase in IOP 50 or higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a Normal IOP?

A

10-22

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Medications for glaucoma?

A

Acetazolamide, mannitol, timolol maleate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What can happen if glaucoma isn’t treated?

A

Blindness may occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is cataracts?

A

Clouding of the lens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What can put you at risk for cataracts?

A

Old age, diabetes, HTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

S/S of cataracts?

A

Blurred vision, difficulty reading fine print, diplopia, photosensitivity, glare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How do we treat cataracts

A

Surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

After cataract surgery what do can be given?

A

Corticosteroids and antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What puts you at risk for diabetic neuropathy?

A

Diabetes mellitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Nursing care for diabetic neuropathy

A

Tight control of blood glucose levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Can we suction for a patient with Increased ICP?

A

NOOOO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Signs of neurogenic shock

A

Bradycardia, hypotension, vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Signs of spinal shock

A

Loss of ability to move the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What should we do for pt with spinal cord injury?

A

Stabilized the head and immobilize the spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

How do we diagnose spinal cord injury?

A

CT scan, MRI, X-ray to check spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Signs and symptoms of spinal cord injury

A

Paralysis, loss of motor movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Complications of spinal cord injury?

A

Autonomic dysreflexia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Signs of autonomic dysreflexia

A

Throbbing headache, hypertension, FLUSHING (upper body),

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Autonomic dysreflexia lower part of body

A

Low BP, cool skin, pale extremities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Parkinson’s neurotransmitter

A

Low dopamine, increased acetylcholine levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Parkinson’s S/S

A

Tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia, shuffling gait, dysphagia, stooped posture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Parkinson’s treatment?

A

Carbidopa- levodopa, benzotropine, hydrochloride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What can we do for pt with Parkinson’s?

A

PT and OT, food that’s easy to chew and swallow, small frequent meals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is RICE therapy?

A

Rest, ice, compression, elevate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What does phalen’s sign look like?

A

Reverse prayer hands

44
Q

When do we use phalen’s sign?

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

45
Q

Tinsels sign is? What do we use it for?

A

Tapping of hand. Used for carpal tunnel.

46
Q

What is osteoporosis?

A

A decrease in bone density causes fragility to bones

47
Q

Does osteoporosis hurt?

A

No

48
Q

In what gender is osteoporosis most common in?

A

Women

49
Q

S/S of osteoporosis

A

Weak bones, decrease in height, low back pain, spontaneous fractures

50
Q

How Do we diagnose osteoporosis?

A

BMD measurement with DEXA low bone mass

51
Q

What is the main medication we give to pts with osteoporosis?

A

ALENDRONATE!!!!! and ibandronate
Both are bisphosphonates

52
Q

What is good for pts with osteoporosis?

A

WEIGHT BEARING EXERCISES (walking, hiking, weight training, stair climbing, tennis, dancing)

53
Q

What should we know about alendronate?

A

Taken on empty stomach, stay upright for 30 min after.

54
Q

Normal calcium levels for woman without estrogen therapy

A

1,500 and 1,000 with estrogen therapy

55
Q

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Autoimmune disease, results in joint inflammation

56
Q

Risk factors for RA

A

Smoking and genetics

57
Q

RA S/S

A

Periods of remission and exacerbation, pain, swelling stiffness, fatigue anorexia, low grade fever

58
Q

How would we know someone has RA?

A

Morning stiffness that lasts longer than 30 min, joint pain, muscle weakness, fatigue

59
Q

Diagnostic test we can do for RA

A

ANA, RF, ESR, CRP
Synovial fluid cloudy and yellow

60
Q

RA medications

A

DMARDs: methotrexate, NSAIDs, corticosteroids

61
Q

Nursing care for pt with RA

A

Heat and COLD therapy application, avoid over exertion during flare ups

62
Q

What is osteoarthritis?

A

NON- INFLAMMATORY disease, loss of cartilage at joint margin

63
Q

What puts you at risk for osteoarthritis?

A

OBESITY, trauma

64
Q

S/S of osteoarthritis

A

Joint pain, morning stiffness lasting 30 min, crepitus affects one side, heberden’s and bouchard’s nodes

65
Q

diagnostic tests for Osteoarthritis

A

CT, MRI, ESR, synovial fluid CLEAR yellow

66
Q

Treatment for osteoarthritis

A

Heat application to relieve stiffness, heat used more often than cold!!!!, loosing weight

67
Q

Nursing care for osteoarthritis

A

Balance rest and activity, avoid immobilization for more than 1 hour, decrease stress on affected joint

68
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia affects which nerve

A

5th nerve

69
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia is?

A

Disorder that causes excruciating knife like pain in the lips, checks, side of the nose and forehead.

70
Q

Medication for Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Gabapentin

71
Q

What medications can be given for seizures

A

Phenytoin, gabapentin, carbamazepine, levetiracetam, diazepam

72
Q

Avoid what with increased ICP?

A

Straining, coughing, sneezing, suctioning

73
Q

Medications for myasthenia gravis

A

Neostigmine, pyridostigmine (mestinon), corticosteroids, cyclosporine

74
Q

Main concern with multiple sclerosis

A

Fatigue and weakness

75
Q

MS diagnostic test

A

No definitive test. MRI shows lesions at late stage

76
Q

MS medications

A

Adreno-corticotrophic hormones, corticosteroids, baclofen.

77
Q

What is MS?

A

Chronic progressive degenerative disease
Associated with destruction of myelin sheath.

78
Q

What is myasthenia gravis?

A

Autoimmune attack on acetylcholine resulting in muscle weakness

79
Q

S/S with myasthenia gravis

A

Respiratory muscle weakness (may require mechanical ventilation), dysphagia, diplopia

80
Q

What would we do for myasthenia gravis?

A

Neostigmine IV

81
Q

Diagnostic tests for myasthenia gravis

A

EMG, edrophonium: tensilon test.

82
Q

We avoid aspirin with what disease

A

Gouty arthritis

83
Q

What do we treat Alzheimer’s with?

A

Donepezil, mamantine, rivastigmine, lorazepam, haloperidol, fluoxetine

84
Q

Nursing care for pt with Alzheimer’s

A

Ensure safety, frequent high calorie meals, reorient often.

85
Q

Diagnostic test for seizures

A

CT, MRI, blood test, EEG

86
Q

What do we do if pt having seizure

A

Turn patient to side on floor, maintain patent airway, note time and duration of seizure, do not restrain pt, administer oxygen, suction secretions if needed

87
Q

What is our main concern with ALS?

A

Muscle weakness, breathing problems, aspiration (may require mechanical ventilation)

88
Q

ASL results in what?

A

Muscle wasting, weakness and some twitching

89
Q

Medications for ALS

A

Riluzole and edaravone

90
Q

Prognosis of ALS

A

Usually 3-5 years after diagnosis

91
Q

Nursing interventions with ALS

A

Physical therapy, speech and respiratory therapy, encourage exercise for trunk and limbs, watch for respiratory failure (most common cause of death)

92
Q

Meningitis signs

A

Brudinski’s and kernigs sign

93
Q

What is meningitis?

A

Acute infection of the meninges (bacteria or viral)

94
Q

Diagnostic tests for meningitis

A

CT scan and lumbar puncture

95
Q

When would we not do a lumbar puncture?

A

Increased ICP, may cause herniation

96
Q

If ICP is not increased in pt with meningitis can we do a lumbar puncture?

A

Yes

97
Q

Kernigs sign

A

Looks like kick while patient is laying down

98
Q

Brudzinskis sign

A

Flexion of knee and neck

99
Q

Treatment for meningitis

A

Multiple IV antibiotics, corticosteroids (decrease ICP), anticonvulsants to reduce risk of seizure, antipyretics, iv fluids to hydrate patient

100
Q

Patient with meningitis will be what precaution

A

Droplet precautions

101
Q

Nursing interventions for meningitis

A

Decrease bright lights (can cause seizure), may use cooling blanket, place patient on seizure precautions

102
Q

How can we prevent meningitis?

A

Getting the vaccine

103
Q

What is gouty arthritis?

A

Metabolic type of arthritis, results from buildup of uric acid in the body.

104
Q

What Do we avoid with gouty arthritis?

A

Organ meats, seafood, red meat, alcohol

105
Q

What are signs and symptoms of gouty arthritis?

A

Several pain and inflammation usually in a single joint. Big toe is usually affected but can happen in any joint

106
Q

What meds do we use to treat gouty arthritis?

A

Colchicine, allopurinol, NSAIDs, corticosteroids, probenecid
NO ASPIRIN

107
Q

Nursing interventions for gouty arthritis

A

Increase fluids to excrete uric acid, advise which foods to avoid, avoid putting pressure on affected joint, immobilize the joint

Medical Surgical (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions