Neuro Review Questions Flashcards by Jordan Ward

A free nerve ending sensory receptor can be called:
A. Primary neuron
B. Secondary neuron
C. Terciary neuron
D. Interneuron

A. Primary neuron

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The receptors used for deep tissue sensibility are:
A. Baroreceptors
B. Chemoreceptors 
C. Mechanoreceptors
D. Nociceptors

C. Mechanoreceptors

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Where is the information receiving area of a neuron located?
A. Myelin sheath
B. Node of Ranvier
C. Axon
D. Dendrite

D. Dendrite

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Which cell produces myelin in the CNS?
A. Schwann cells
B. Ependymal cells
C. Oligodendrocytes
D. Astrocytes

C. Oligodendrocytes

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Why is the electrical conduction of the impulse called saltatory? **
A. Because in the unmyelinated fibers the conduction is faster
B. Because myelin increases the opening of Na channels
C. Because the AP occurs only at the nodes of ranvier
D. Because myelin ion channels improve conduction

C. Because the AP occurs only at the nodes of ranvier

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A motor neuron is an efferent neuron.

True or false?

true

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Which of the following cells are involved with the CSF secretion?
A. Astrocytes
B. Microglia
C. Ependymal cells
D. Schwann cells

C. Ependymal cells

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Which of the following components are NOT considered part of the CNS?
A. spinal cord
B. cerebellum
C. cerebral hemispheres
D. spinal nerves

D. spinal nerves

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Which of the following options is NOT true about chemical synapses?
A. They have bidirectional transmission
B. Secretes a neurotransmitter
C. Can be excitatory or inhibitory
D. The post synaptic membrance have ionotrophic or metabotrophic receptors

A. They have bidirectional transmission

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Which of the following options is a characteristic of electrical synapses?
A. tight junctions
B. adherens junctions
C. gap junctions
D. desmosomes

C. gap junctions

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Which of the following options is NOT true about graded potentials?
A. Are generated at the postsynaptic site
B. Travel to reach the trigger zone where they are integrated to generate actions potentials
C. In order to initiate an action potential they must reach the threshold shift
D. Excitatory postsynaptic potentials shift the membrane potential towards more negative

D. Excitatory postsynaptic potentials shift the membrane potential towards more negative

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The falling phase of the action potential corresponds to:
A. the resting phase
B. the depolarization phase
C. the repolarization phase
D. the phase when membrane is polarized

C. the repolarization phase

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Which of the following is not a function of the CSF?
A. cushion of the brain
B. maintain extracellular microenvironment
C. act as a distribution system
D. major source of glucose

D. major source of glucose

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Which of the following components is NOT considered part of the CNS?
A. spinal cord
B. cranial nerves
C. cerebellum
D. cerebral cortex

B. cranial nerves

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Which of the following components is NOT part of the spinal cord segmental reflex?
A. receptor
B. sensory neuron
C. cerebral cortex
D. motor neuron

C. cerebral cortex

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Which of the following options is NOT a function of the motor system?
A. maintain posture
B. control voluntary movement
C. control visceral involuntary movement
D. monitor somatic senses

D. monitor somatic senses

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Which of the following options is NOT a sense governed by chemorecptors?
A. smell
B. hearing
C. change in CO2
D. taste

B. hearing

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Which of the following options is NOT true about central control of movement?
A. Spinal cord commands the activity of the motor cortex
B. Cerebellum and basal nuclei modulates the activity of other motor system structures
C. The corticospinal tracts directly control skilled voluntary movements
D. The brainstem UMN pathways control posture

A. Spinal cord commands the activity of the motor cortex

Which of the following options DOES NOT describe one of the roles of the vestibular system?
A. Detect rotational acceration
B. Maintain the position of the eyes relative to the position of the head in space
C. Detect linear acceleration
D. Detect muscle tension

D. Detect muscle tension

Which of the following options is a characteristic of the parasympathetic system? **
A. Function when the animal is stressed
B. Increases ATP production
C. Arises from the thoracolumbar spinal cord
D. Control daily function of the viscera

D. Control daily function of the viscera

At the level of the autonomic ganglia, neurons from both parasympathetic and sympathetic systems release ACETYLCHOLINE as a neurotransmitter. **
True or false?

True

Andrenergic postganglionic neurons are located at:
A. sympathetic system
B. parasympathic system

A. sympathetic system

Which of the following options is NOT a special sense receptor?
A. cones
B. hair cells
C. free nerve endings
D. rods

C. free nerve endings

Which of the following options is not an expected consequence of the fight or flight response? **
A. Increase heart rate
B. Elevation of free fat acids
C. Elevation of blood glucose
D. Miosis

D. Miosis

``` Which of the following options is NOT a special sense receptor? A. cones B. hair cells C. free nerve endings D. rods ```

C. free nerve endings

``` When a membrane potential shifts towards more negative than normal, it is ______. A. Depolarized B. Repolarized C. Hiperpolared D. Polarized ```

C. Hiperpolared

``` Which channel is responsible for the repolarization phase of the action potential in neurons? A. Potassium channels B. Sodium channels C. Chloride channels D. Calcium channels ```

A. Potassium channels

Sensory signals enter the spinal cord almost entirely through the dorsal horn.** True or False?

True

Preganglionic neuron is an efferent neuron.** | True or false?

True

``` Which of the following options is crucial in the central control of the fingers of the monkey? *** A. Motor complex B. Medial brainstem UMN pathway C. Vestibular system D. Autonomic nervous system ```

A. Motor complex

``` Which option DOES NOT receive parasympathetic innervation? ** A. stomach B. intestine C. sweat gland D. iris ```

C. Sweat gland

Adrenal medulla releases epinephrine after being stimulated by Acetylcholine from a preganalionic neuron of the sympathetic nervous system. ** True or false?

True

The vagus nerve belongs to the parasympathetic nervous system. ** True or false?

True

Adrenergic receptors are located at the level of the target organ in the parasympathetic system. ** True or False?

False Adrenergic receptors belong to the SYMPATHETIC system

``` Which of the following options is not true about the semicircular canals? ** A. Detection of rotational acceleration B.They are part of the vestibular system C. Detect static tilt of head D. They are located in the inner ear ```

C. Detect static tilt of head

``` What is the medical term used for the loss of voluntary motor coordination? A. Anaphylaxis B. Ataxia C. Asphyxia D. Anoxia ```

B. Ataxia

``` What is the medical term used for head twist? A. Head tilt B. Headache C. Header D. Headstrong ```

A. Head tilt

``` What is the medical term used for involuntary movement of the eyes? A. Nystatin B. Miosis C. Nystagmus D. Midriasys ```

C. Nystagmus

``` What is the meaning of idiopathic? A. Unknown cause B. Rare cause C. Unusual cause D. Idiot cause ```

A. Unknown cause

In a patient with acute onset of loss of motor coordination, twist of the head, and involuntary eye movements, where would the problem be located? A. Sensory system B. Motor system

A. Sensory system

``` Where is the sensory component of the vestibular system located? A. external ear B. middle ear C. inner ear D. nose ```

C. inner ear

What is the major function of the vestibular system? A. Modulate motor movement B. Maintain equilibrium or balance C. Transform electromagnetic stimulus into action potentials D. Compare the intended movement with the actual movement

B. Maintain equilibrium or balance

What is the name of the sensory cells of the vestibular system?

Hair cells with large kinocilium