Neuro Rehab Flashcards
Intrinsic feedback
Feedback comes to the person through sensory systems as a result of the movement including visual, vestibular, proprioceptive and somatosensory inputs
Extrinsic feedback
Represents info that can be provided while a task or movement is in progress or subsequent to the movement, typically verbal feedback or manual contacts
Knowledge of results
Terminal feedback regarding the outcome of a movement that has been performed in relation to the movements goals
Knowledge of performance
Relates to actual movement pattern that someone used to achieve their goal of movement
Massed practice
Practice time in trial is greater than amount of rest between trials
Distributed practice
Amount of rest time between trials is equal to or greater than practice time for each trial
Constant practice
Practice of a given task under a uniform condition
Variable practice
Practice of a given task under differing conditions
Random practice
Varying practice amongst different tasks
Blocked practice
Consistent practice of a single task
Whole training
Practice of an entire task
Part training
Practice of an individual component or selected components of a task
Closed system model
Transfer of information that incorporates multiple feedback loops and larger distribution of control. Nervous system is an active participant with the ability to enable initiation of movement as opposed to solely reacting to stimuli
Compensation
Ability to utilize alternate motor and sensory strategies due to an impairment that limits the normal completion of a task
Habituation
Decrease in response that will occur as a result of consistent exposure to non painful stimuli
Learning
Process of acquiring knowledge about the world that leads to a relatively permanent change in a persons capability to perform a skill
Non associative learning
Single repeated stimulus (habituation, sensitization)
Associative learning
Gaining understanding of the relationship between two stimuli, causal relationships or stimulus and consequence (classical conditioning, operant conditioning)
Procedural learning
Learning tasks that can be performed without attention or concentration to the task; a task is learned by forming movement habits
Declarative learning
requires attention, awareness, and reflection in order to attain knowledge that can be consciously recalled (mental practice)
Motor learning
Ability to perform a movement as a result of internal processes that interact with the environment and produce a consistent strategy to generate the correct movement
Motor program
Concept of a central motor pattern that can be activated by sensory stimuli or central processes. Contain the rules for creating spatial and temporal patterns of motor activity needed to carry out a given motor task
Open system model
Characterized by a single transfer of information without any feedback loop. Nervous system is awaiting stimuli in order to react
Performance
Temporary change in motor behavior seen during a particular session of practice that is a result of many variables. However only one variable is focusing in the act of learning. Not an absolute measure of learning since there are multiple variables that potentially affect performance
Plasticity
Ability to modify or change at the synapse level either temporarily or permanently in order to perform a particular function
Postural control
Ability of motor and sensory systems to stabilize position and control movement
Recovery
Ability to utilize previous strategies to return to same level of functioning
Sensitization
Increase in response that will occur as a result of noxious stimuli
Strategy
Plan used to produce a specific result or outcome that will influence the structure or system
Associated reaction
An involuntary and automatic movement of a body part as a result of an intentional active or resistive movement in another body part
Homolateral synkinesis
Flexion pattern of the involved upper extremity facilitates flexion of the involved lower extremity
Limb synergies
A group of muscles that produce a predictable pattern of movement in flexion or extension patterns
Raimistes phenomenon
Involved lower extremity will abduct or adduct with applied resistance to the uninvolved lower extremity in the same direction
Souques phenomenon
Raising involved upper extremity above 100 degrees with elbow extension will produce extension and abduction of the fingers
Body weight supported treadmill training prescription for incomplete SCI
Frequency: 4d/wk, moderate duration 20-30 min, for 8-12 weeks
