Neuro Overview (lec 1) Flashcards
type of neuro disorder?
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis /Lou Gherig
polio/post polio syndrome
motor neuron disorders
type of neuro disorder?
radiculopathies
plexopathies
polyneuropathy
peripheral nerve disorder
type of neuro disorder?
myasthenia gravis
lambert easton’s
botulism
neuromuscular junction disorders
type of neuro disorder?
muscular dystrophies
congenital myopathies
inflammatory myopathies
myopathy
what is capgras delusion?
recurrent belief that a person has been replaced by an imposter
seen w/ R hemisphere lesion
what is stiffperson syndrome?
diffuse stiffness w/o weakness or numb
autoimmune syndrome
what is prosopagnosia?
inability to recognize faces or familiar people
usually w/ R hemisphere lesions
what are the components of a neuro exam?
mental status and language
cranial nerves
motor
sensation
reflexes
coordination
gait
lethargy
appears asleep but may be aroused with stimulation to interact with environment
stupor
arouses briefly to vigorous stimuli but not to the point of being interactive
what structure links written word with language?
angular gyrus
what language disorder occurs with R hemisphere issues? L?
R - dysarthria
L - dysphagia
a stroke to the ______ artery causes hemifield loss
PCA
which CN opens the eye?
closes?
open - 3
closes - 7
flaccidity vs. rigidity
flaccid = little resistance to passive mvmt
LMN lesion
rigid = steady mm tension equal in opposing mm groups; UMN lesion
spasticity is ____ dependent
speed
sustained increase in mm tension when passively lengthened
UMN lesion signs
stiffness, spasticity
weakness in pyramidal pattern
hyperreflexia
pathological reflexes
babinski
LMN lesion signs
weakness, muscle atrophy
fasciculations, cramps
NO SESNORY INVOLVEMENT
NO PAIN
hypoactive relfexes
the Babinski reflex is abnormal after ____
6 months old
T/F: a loss in proprioception is always abnormal
T
what is one of the earliest signs of DCML disease?
positive Romberg sign
sway or fall when eyes closed
a wide BOS is indicative of
ataxia
a scissoring gait is indicative of
CP
where is a lumbar puncture performed?
L4/L5
a DWI MRI is ____ in acute stroke
bright
a ADC MRI is ____ in acute stroke
dark
which tests look a metabolism of brain?
FDG-PET (glucose)
SPECT (dementia, Parkinson’s)
T/F: myopathies have normal NCV
T
how to localize as UMN
increased tone
hyperreflexia
no atrophy
how to localize as LMN
decreased/normal tone
hyporeflexia
atrophy
how will a brainstem lesion present?
ipsi facial loss
contra body loss
how are the body segments organized in the SC?
sacrum most outer
then lumbar, thoracic, cervical
how will NMJ issue present?
eyes, mouth, and neck issues
localization?
bilateral weakness in LE
B/B involvement
spinal cord
