Neuro Overview (lec 1)

Question 1

type of neuro disorder?
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis /Lou Gherig
polio/post polio syndrome

Answer 1

motor neuron disorders

Question 2

type of neuro disorder?
radiculopathies
plexopathies
polyneuropathy

Answer 2

peripheral nerve disorder

Question 3

type of neuro disorder?
myasthenia gravis
lambert easton’s
botulism

Answer 3

neuromuscular junction disorders

Question 4

type of neuro disorder?
muscular dystrophies
congenital myopathies
inflammatory myopathies

Answer 4

myopathy

Question 5

what is capgras delusion?

Answer 5

recurrent belief that a person has been replaced by an imposter
seen w/ R hemisphere lesion

Question 6

what is stiffperson syndrome?

Answer 6

diffuse stiffness w/o weakness or numb
autoimmune syndrome

Question 7

what is prosopagnosia?

Answer 7

inability to recognize faces or familiar people
usually w/ R hemisphere lesions

Question 8

what are the components of a neuro exam?

Answer 8

mental status and language
cranial nerves
motor
sensation
reflexes
coordination
gait

Question 9

lethargy

Answer 9

appears asleep but may be aroused with stimulation to interact with environment

Question 10

stupor

Answer 10

arouses briefly to vigorous stimuli but not to the point of being interactive

Question 11

what structure links written word with language?

Answer 11

angular gyrus

Question 12

what language disorder occurs with R hemisphere issues? L?

Answer 12

R - dysarthria
L - dysphagia

Question 13

a stroke to the ______ artery causes hemifield loss

Answer 13

PCA

Question 14

which CN opens the eye?
closes?

Answer 14

open - 3
closes - 7

Question 15

flaccidity vs. rigidity

Answer 15

flaccid = little resistance to passive mvmt
LMN lesion
rigid = steady mm tension equal in opposing mm groups; UMN lesion

Question 16

spasticity is ____ dependent

Answer 16

speed
sustained increase in mm tension when passively lengthened

Question 17

UMN lesion signs

Answer 17

stiffness, spasticity
weakness in pyramidal pattern
hyperreflexia
pathological reflexes
babinski

Question 18

LMN lesion signs

Answer 18

weakness, muscle atrophy
fasciculations, cramps
NO SESNORY INVOLVEMENT
NO PAIN
hypoactive relfexes

Question 19

the Babinski reflex is abnormal after ____

Answer 19

6 months old

Question 20

T/F: a loss in proprioception is always abnormal

Answer 20

T

Question 21

what is one of the earliest signs of DCML disease?

Answer 21

positive Romberg sign
sway or fall when eyes closed

Question 22

a wide BOS is indicative of

Answer 22

ataxia

Question 23

a scissoring gait is indicative of

Answer 23

CP

Question 24

where is a lumbar puncture performed?

Answer 24

L4/L5

Question 25

a DWI MRI is ____ in acute stroke

Answer 25

bright

Question 26

a ADC MRI is ____ in acute stroke

Answer 26

dark

Question 27

which tests look a metabolism of brain?

Answer 27

FDG-PET (glucose)
SPECT (dementia, Parkinson’s)

Question 28

T/F: myopathies have normal NCV

Answer 28

T

Question 29

how to localize as UMN

Answer 29

increased tone
hyperreflexia
no atrophy

Question 30

how to localize as LMN

Answer 30

decreased/normal tone
hyporeflexia
atrophy

Question 31

how will a brainstem lesion present?

Answer 31

ipsi facial loss
contra body loss

Question 32

how are the body segments organized in the SC?

Answer 32

sacrum most outer
then lumbar, thoracic, cervical

Question 33

how will NMJ issue present?

Answer 33

eyes, mouth, and neck issues

Question 34

localization?
bilateral weakness in LE
B/B involvement

Answer 34

spinal cord