Neuro LL Flashcards
Intro
Look and feel of your leg, as well as performing some movements, and testing some reflexes
Positioning
Flat
Exposure
Thigh downwards (take long trousers off or roll up, shorts)
What causes ankle clonus
UMN lesion
Example of UMN lesion
MS, stoke
What muscle does hip flexion test for
Iliacus and psoas major
What nerve does hip flexion test for
Iliofemoral (L1/L2)
What muscle does hip extension test for
Gluteus maximus (and the hamstrings)
What nerve does hip extension test for
Inferior gluteal nerve (L5/S1/S2)
What is included in the hamstring muscles
Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris
What muscle does knee flexion test for
Hamstring
What nerve does knee flexion test for
Sciatic nerve (L5/S1/S2)
What muscle does knee extension test for
Quadriceps femoris
What is included in quadriceps femoris
Vastus medialis, lateralis, intermediaus and rectus femoris
What nerve does knee extension test for
Femoral nerve (L2/L3/L4)
What muscle does ankle dorsiflexion test for
Tibialis anterior muscle
What nerve does ankle dorsiflexion test for
Deep peroneal nerve (L4/L5)
What muscle does ankle plantarflexion test for
Gastrocnemius and soleus
What nerve does ankle plantarflexion test for
Tibial nerve (S1/S2)
What is the difference in UM and LM weakness pattern
UM - Pyramidal pattern of weakness
LM - Focal pattern of weakness
What is a pyramidal pattern of weakness
UM
Upper limb extensors weaker than flexors and lower limb flexors weaker than extensors
What is a focal pattern of weakness
LM
Affected muscles only those that are being directly innovated
What nerve roots does the patellar reflex test for
L2/L3/L4
What nerve roots does the Achilles reflex test for
S1/S2
Describe and locate dermatones
L2 - lateral aspect of the thigh
L3 - lower medial aspect of thigh
L4 - medial aspect of leg/foots and great toe
L5 - lateral side of leg and middle three toes
S1 - little toe, lateral foot and sole of foot
S2 - back of upper leg and thigh
