MSK Flashcards
Intro
Look and feel of your knee, as well as preforming some movements
Expsosure
Thigh downwards (shorts, or roll trousers up)
Position
45 degrees
Inspection
Scars Muscle wasting Swelling Genu vargum Genu varum
What is ‘knock kneed’
Genu vagum
What is knees bent in
Genu vagum
What is knees bent out BOW LEGGED
Genu varum
Warm knee
Osteoarthritis
Septic arthritis
Where to assess temp of knee
Above, at and below joint line
Where to palpate the knee joint
Around patella Medial joint line Lateral joint line Tibial tuberosity Head of fibula Popliteal fossa
Swelling in the popliteal fossa?
Baker’s cyst
Test for effusions
Sweep test
Tap method
When to use sweep method
Small effusions
When to use tap method
Large effusions
How to do sweep method
Medial side up, lateral side down (non-dominant hand)
How to do tap method
(Non-dominant hand) down thigh to empty suprapatellar pouch, then firmly press over patella
Positive sweep method
Ripple/bulge of fluid appears lateral compartment -> medial side
Positive tap method
Feel tap as patella hits femur
What muscles perform flexion of the knee
(Hamstring muscles) Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus (Gracilis)
What muscles perform extension of the knee
(Extensor apparatus) Quadriceps muscles Quadriceps tendon Patellar tendon Tibial tuberosity
What is the normal range of (passive?) movement of the knee
0-135 degrees
Normal hyperextension
? 10 degrees
What would damage in hyperextension
4x knee ligaments
Decreased range of movement
Osteoarthritis
