Neuro Lecture 5 Flashcards
Fibrous layer surrounding, protecting and nourishing the CNS
Meninges
Large Diameter valveless venous vessels
Venous Sinus
Pathological reduction of blood supply
Ischemia
localized pathological dilation of a blood vessel, usually caused by atherosclerosis and hypertension, or, less frequently, by trauma, infection or congenital weakness
Aneurysm
How many layers are there in the cranial meninges?
Dura Mater (two layers), arachnoid and pia mater
Dural folds between the major subdivisions of the brain forming large septa is called what?
Falx cerebri
What lies in-between the two layers of dura mater?
Dural venous sinuses
Is arachnoid mater vascular or avascular?
avascular (so hence pia mater is SUPER vascular)
what arteries lie between the arachnoid and the pia mater?
cerebral arteries
How would an epidural hemorrhage show up on a CT scan?
A biconvex mass in the epidural space
what artery is ruptured in an epidural hemorrhage?
middle meningeal artery
Describe to me an scenario where someone would present to the ER with an epidural hemorrhage (include AGE)
Young (note just not old) male at football practice was hit in the head. states that he initially did experience some loss of consciousness but then felt fine.
Explain what will happen to a patient if an epidural hemorrhage goes without medical attention?
the high pulsation of the artery starts peeling away the dura from the suture line and volume starts to expand and the brain will start to herniate.
What would you see on a CT scan to confirm a subdural hemorrhage?
crescent shaped subdural mass
Does a subdural hemorrhage normally affect old or young ppl? give a reasoning for your answer
old ppl. because as we get old our brains shrink and therefore the veins start to stretch and any minor trauma can tear those veins.
Why is a subdural hemorrhage considered a slow bleed?
because the pressure in the venous system is much lower than in the arterial system.
what is a defining feature of a subarachnoid hemorrhage on a CT scan?
the bleed takes the shape of Gyri and Sulci, making a tree like appearance.