Neuro Lecture 2 Flashcards
Compares the latency of long & short segments of motor & sensory nerves, in order to calculate the velocity of conduction.
Nerve conduction study
Stimulates a motor neuron in retrograde. The action potential travels to the spinal cord, then back down the same nerve to a muscle, where it is measured.
F-wave study
What portion of the nerve do the “F-wave” study and “H-reflex” test?
proximal portion of a nerve
study stimulates a sensory neuron in retrograde. The action potential travels to the spinal cord, then back down a motor nerve to a muscle, where it is measured.
H-refelx
WHat is NCS used for?
Testing for peripheral neuropathies
A test of the electrical activity of skeletal muscle.
Electromyography
Who treat muscular disorders?
Neurology
What are the two types of EMG?
needle EMG
Surface EMG
what are surface EMGs good for?
Muscles of the face
What muscles show fassciculations?
Deinervated muscle tissue
When will you have huge muscle rxns to EMG?
Reinervated muscles
invasive procedure to evaluate pathologies of the intervertebral discs, and to evaluate a patient’s candidacy for surgical discectomy.
Discography
Who are discographies reserved for?
Patients whose painful symptoms cna’t be explained by findings on MRI/ CT, don’t respond to conservative measures
What is done after discography to identify contrast agent leakage from discs, which represent a tear in the outer fibrous ring of the disc.
Lumbar CT
When you do a nerve root block where do you inject the anesthetic?
Posterior part (sensory part) of the foramen
electrical potentials recorded from the nervous system following a stimulus.Recording is done in the CNS. A lot are done while patient is under general anesthesia.
Evoked Potentials
What are the 4 main types of evoked poentials.
Audistory
Visual
Somatosensory
Motor
If there are abnormal auditory evoked poentials, what can be the cause?
Hearing loss
Acoustic neuroma
MS
Stroke
What can abnormal results of a visual evoked potential be a sign of?
Optic neuritis
MS
Other neuronal dysfnction from retina to visual cortex
Scalp electrodes measure response to sensory stimulation. Usually TENS. Used for continuous monitoring during surgeries where there is high risk of inadvertent ischemia or damage to cortex or spinal cord.
Somatosensory evoked potentials.
Use electrodes to measure the response with the skull open. Direct stimulation of exposed motor cortex.
Motor evoked potential
