neuro final

Question 1

name functions of hypothalamus

Answer 1

endocrine, neurosecretion, autonomic, temperature, BP and osmotic pressure by food and water, reproduction, biological clocks, and emotion, fear, rage, reward

Question 2

how does hypothalamus function in biological clocks

Answer 2

suprachiasmatic nucleus involved in circadian rhythms and controlling body temp fluctuation over 24 hour periods

Question 3

how is hypothalamus involved in function of expressing emotions?

Answer 3

matching feelings to emotional expression

Question 4

how is hypo involved in reproduction?

Answer 4

anterior pituitary controls gonadatrophin production

Question 5

how is hypo involved in BP and osmotic pressure regulation?

Answer 5

glucose sensitivity centers trigger hyperphagia and hunger and thirst centers trigger hypophagia

Question 6

how is hypo involved in temperature regulation?

Answer 6

anterior hypothalamus responds to increased body temp with vasodilation and sweating and posterior hypothalamus responds to decrease in temperatures with vasoconstriction and shivering

Question 7

how is hypo involved in neurosecretions?

Answer 7

ADH released by supraoptic nucelus and oxytocin is released by paraventricular nucleus

Question 8

how is hypothalamus involved in endocrine system?

Answer 8

anterior pituitary

Question 9

name the nuclear sub groups of ventrolateral nucelus

Answer 9

ventral anterior
ventral lateral
ventral posterior medial
ventral posterior lateral
MGB
LGB
pulvinar
lateral dorsal
lateral posterior

Question 10

function of pulvinar

Answer 10

visual reflexes and eye movement

Question 11

function of lateral posterior nucelus

Answer 11

integration of sensory information

Question 12

function of lateral dorsal nucleus

Answer 12

emotional expression

Question 13

function of MGB

Answer 13

auditory

Question 14

function of LGB

Answer 14

visual

Question 15

function of ventral posterior medial nucelus?

Answer 15

sensory info integrated from head and face

Question 16

function of ventral posterior lateral nucleus?

Answer 16

integration of sensory info from body

Question 17

function of ventral anterior and ventral lateral nuceli?

Answer 17

motor integration and maintenance of consciousness. parkinsons

Question 18

name the nuclear groups of the thalamus

Answer 18

anterior, medial, ventrolateral, reticular, intralaminar, midline

Question 19

hemiballismus is caused by lesion to what?

Answer 19

subthalamus.

Question 20

structures of epithalamus?

Answer 20

habenula, stria medullaris thalamis, pineal gland, posterior commisure, and habenular commisure

Question 21

what does pineal gland secrete?

Answer 21

antigonadotropin and melatonin

Question 22

what does antigonadotropin do?

Answer 22

inhibits the gonadotropin of anterior pituitary

Question 23

function of habenula?

Answer 23

olfactory reflexes

Question 24

where is subthalamus located?

Answer 24

between midbrain and thalamus

Question 25

post central gyrus?

Answer 25

sensory homonculus

Question 26

Wernicke’s area?

Answer 26

language comprehension, angular gyri, supramarginal gyri, superior temporal lobe, posterior parietal assocation

Question 27

posterior parietal lobe of brain assocation?

Answer 27

3-D perception

Question 28

occipital lobe?

Answer 28

vision

Question 29

Broadman’s area 6?

Answer 29

anterior to precentral gyrus in frontal lobe, involved in motor preparation and programming

Question 30

Broca’s area?

Answer 30

involved in language production, inferior frontal lobe

Question 31

what inhibits substantia gelatinosa in gate control theory?

Answer 31

A delta fibers and unmyelinated C fibers

Question 32

A beta mechanoreceptors inhibit what in gate control theory?

Answer 32

nucleus proprius.

Question 33

what gyri does Gerstman syndrome affect? what does it do?

Answer 33

left angular gyri (dominant). sensory language deficits, right-left disorientation and finger agnosia

Question 34

lesion of posterior parietal assocation area on non dominant hemisphere?

Answer 34

(right) hemisphere. results in astereognosis, personal neglect syndrome, spatial neglect syndrome

Question 35

what is the primary somatosensory cortex?

Answer 35

broadman’s areas 3, 1,2

Question 36

lesion to Wernicke’s area?

Answer 36

aphasia with fluent speech and impaired repetiton and comprehension

Question 37

primary auditory cortex?

Answer 37

transverse temporal gyri of Hesch

Question 38

insula is concerned with what?

Answer 38

auditory integration and taste

Question 39

parahippocampal gyrus functions in what?

Answer 39

vital functions in limbic system, such as feeding and reproduction, emotion and memory

Question 40

occipitotemporal gyri function in what?

Answer 40

perception of contrast color and shape

Question 41

lesion to Broca’s area?

Answer 41

expressive aphasia characterized by non fluent speech, impaired repeition, but mostly preserved language comprehension

Question 42

motor homonculus located where?

Answer 42

precentral gyrus and anterior paracentral lobule

Question 43

peraqueductal gray function?

Answer 43

emotional reaction to pain

Question 44

define pathway of A delta and unmyelinated C fibers in pain pathway

Answer 44

ascend two segments in dorsolateral fasciculus of Lissauer before synapsing in dorsal horn with NP and pericornual cells and substantia gelatinosa