cerebral cortex Flashcards
four lobes of cerebral hemisphere?
frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital
what divides the frontal and parietal lobes?
central sulcus
function of each cerebral hemisphere?
primarily control or receive info from contralateral body
what connects the two brains?
corpus callosum
what subdivides lobes and what are the fissures named that create these subdivisions?
gyri by fissures names sulci
what are Broadmann’s areas?
52 cortical divisions presenting with different histological layouts
homunculus
representation of the cortical areas dedicated to processing info from particular part of body
what does motor homunculus refer to?
precentral gyrus and anterior paracentral lobe
what is the primary motor cortex?
broadmann’s area 4
area anterior to precentral gyrus?
premotor and supplementary motor cortex (Broadmann’s 6) w motor preparation and programming
prefrontal cortex?
anterior and inferior portion of frontal lobe. motor integration and planning, congnirtion, judgement, and impulse control
Broca’a area?
on dominant hemisphere in posterior portion of inferior frontal gyrus. controls language production.
lesion to broca’s area?
expressive aphasia characterized by non-fluent speech, impaired repetition, mostly preserved language comprehension
Wernicke’s area?
posterior portion of superior temporal gyrus. with supramarginal and angular gyrus on dominant hemisphere concerned with language comprehension
lesion to Wernicke’s area and/or inferior parietal lobule on dominant hemisphere?
aphasia (repetitive) characterized by fluent speech with impaired repetition and comprehension
posterior parietal assocation areas?
receive visual, auditory, and limbic inputs concerning three-dimensional perception
lesion of posterior parietal assocation on right (non dominant hemisphere) results in?
astereognosis, personal neglect syndrome, spatial neglect syndrome
astereognosis
inability to recognize three dimensional objects by touch
personal neglect syndrome?
ignoring left side of one’s body. often accompanied by anosognosia
spatial neglect syndrome
ignoring left visual field
lesion of posterior parietal assocation areas on left results in what?
sensory language deficits such as Gerstman syndrome.
Gertsman syndrome
left angular gyrus affected. results in acalculia, agraphia, right-left disorientation, and finger agnosia
lesion to occipital lobe?
anopsia
occipital lobe consists of what?
primary and assocation visual cortices (areas 17, 18, 19). cuneus and lingual gyri.
