Neuro Examination (Orientation, Arousal, Cognition, and Sensation) Flashcards
What are 3 screening instruments that can be used to screen for cognition
- Saint Louis University Mental Status Examination (SLUMS)
- Mini-Cog
- Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
differentiating between small objects of different shapes and sizes in a bag
stereognosis
what is combined cortical sensations
- combining peripheral sensation and cortical identification
what tests can be used to assess combined cortical sensation
- stereognosis
- graphesthesia
- 2-point discrimination
- Semmes-Weinstein Monofilament test
describe combined cortical sensations regarding Brodmann’s areas
tests that asses the intactness of sensory association cortex (5, 7) to accurately integrate and interpret information coming from both superficial and deep receptors as passed on through the primary sensory cortex (3, 1, 2)
stereognosis receptors, location, and tract used to carry information to primary sensory cortex
- merkel, meissners, pacinian
- deep cutaneous layers of dermis
- DCML and ALS
graphesthesia receptors, location, and tract used to carry information to primary sensory cortex
- merkel, meissners, pacinian
- deep cutaneous layers of dermis
- DCML and ALS
a series/combination of letters, numbers or shapes traced on the palm of pts hand or flat area of skin (back, abdomen)
graphesthesia
assess the ability to perceive 2 points applied to the skin simultaneously
2-point discrimination
how to document stereognosis
document that number of correct responses out of total objects in bag
2-point discrimination receptors, location, and tract used to carry information to primary sensory cortex
- merkels
- nonglaborous skin (hairless)
- DCML and ALS
assesses the degree of lack of protective sensation
semmes-weinstein monofilament test
what populations is the semmes weinstein monofilament test used on
neuropathy from DM, peripheral vascular disease, peripheral N injuries, and those with balance/gait deficits
how to document semmes weinstein monofilament test
intact, diminished, absent along with the fiber diameter tested
how many times to complete and how to document sharp/dull pain testing
- 3x on each key point making the sequencing of sharp/dull unpredictable
sharp/dull receptors, location, and tract used to carry information to primary sensory cortex
- free N endings
- t/o the body in epidermis and dermis
- ALS
how to document temperature testing
absent, diminished, intact
temperature testing receptors, location, and tract used to carry information to primary sensory cortex
- thermoreceptors
- t/o the body in superficial cutaneous layers
- ALS
tests the awareness of movement
kinesthesia
kinesthesia receptors, location, and tract used to carry information to primary sensory cortex
- deep cutaneous mechanoreceptors and proprioceptors (GTO, muscle spindles, ruffini, pacinian)
- deep layers of dermis, joint capsules, muscle bellies, tendons
- DCML
tests joint position sense
proprioception
proprioception receptors, location, and tract used to carry information to primary sensory cortex
- deep cutaneous mechanoreceptors and proprioceptors (GTO, muscle spindles, ruffini, pacinian)
- deep layers of dermis, joint capsules, muscle bellies, tendons
- DCML
how to document kinesthesia and proprioception
diminished, absent, intact
tests ability to perceive a vibratory sensation
vibration testing
