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Anatomy > Neuro Exam 1 TMJ and Joints > Flashcards

Neuro Exam 1 TMJ and Joints Flashcards

1
Q

Synathrosis

A

An immovable joint like a suture, or gomphosis (b/w roots of teeth and alveolar process)

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2
Q

Amphiarthrosis

A

slightly movable joint, includes fibrocartillage between veterbrae (allows movement) and pubic symphysis (allows baby passage)

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3
Q

Diarthrosis

A

synovial-freely movable; lined by a synovial membrane which produces synovial fluid, includes typical and w/ articular disc

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4
Q

typical diarthrotic joint

A

the ends of two bones are covered by articular cartilage, ligaments join the bones together, capsular ligaments, and joint cavity (lined by synovial membrane)

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5
Q

Diarthrotic joint w/ articular disc

A

a synovial joint where everything is the same except there is an articulating disc seperating the two

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6
Q

Arthroidal joint

A

plane or gliding (acromioclavicular-clavicle and scapula)

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7
Q

Ginglymus joint

A

Hing; motion in one plane (elbow)

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8
Q

Trochoid joint

A

Pivot; rotation around one axis (i.e. dens and atlas joint-allows turning of head)

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9
Q

Condyloid joint

A

motion in two planes, no rotation (i.e. condyles of head on spine allows rocking side to side and front to back)

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10
Q

enarthroidal (ball and socket)

A

motion in all planes, plus rotation (i.e. hip joint)

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11
Q

Sellar (saddle or ellipsoid)

A

motion in two planes, some axial rotation (i.e. joint in thumb between first carpal and metacarpal)

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12
Q

TMJ Bones and covering

A

mandibular fossa of temporal bone, and head of mandibular condyle; articular surfaces covered by fibrous tissue

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13
Q

Classification of TMJ joint

A

Ginglymoarthroidal (hinge and gliding combination), bilateral (b/c on both sides of the jaw), and a synovial joint with an articular disc

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14
Q

Articular eminence

A

next to/bottom of mandibular fossa; roof or fossa is thin and may not bear pressure

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15
Q

Capsule (capsular ligament)

A

dense fibrous CT running from zygomatic arch to mandible; makes sure head stays in place

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16
Q

Makes sure the head of the condylar process remains in the mandibular fossa

A

capsule/capsular ligament

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17
Q

Articular Disc (meniscus)

A

made of dense fibrous tissue which divides the interior joint into sup. (gliding) and inf. compartments (hinge motion); peripheri is thicker and attaches to capsule

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18
Q

motion of the inf compartment of articular disc

A

hinge motion

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19
Q

motion of sup. compartment of articular disc

A

gliding motion

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20
Q

Composition of central region of articular disc

A

more fibrocartilage; more rigid

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21
Q

retrodiscal ligament composition (of articular disc)

A

more elastic fibers; more flexible

22
Q

Temporomandibular (lateral) ligament

A

covers the capsular ligament; runs from zygomatic process of temporal bone to neck of mandibular condyle; prevents posterior displacement and excess lateral displacement of condyle

23
Q

Sphenomandibular joint

A

runs from the spine of the sphenoid to the lingula of the mandible; becomes taught during excessive opening

24
Q

becomes taut during excessive opening

A

sphenomandibular

25
Q

prevents post. displacement and excess lateral displacement of condyle

A

temporomandibular ligament (lateral)

26
Q

Stylomandibular ligament

A

runs from styloid process of temporal to the angle of the mandible; becomes taut in excessive protrusion

27
Q

taut in protrusion

A

stylomandibular ligament

28
Q

Nerve innervation of the TMJ

A

mandibular branch of the trigeminal (V3 of CN5); auriculotemporal (most branches), masseteric (branches to small ant. portion), deep temporal (branches to small ant. portion)

29
Q

gives of branches to most of the joint

A

auriculotemporal

30
Q

innervates the small ant. portion of the TMJ

A

the masseteric and deep temporal parts of the mandibular branch (V3) of the trigeminal (CN5)

31
Q

Proprioceptive

A

sense of space (jaw open to long)

32
Q

Pain Receptors

A

free nerve endings (overextension)

33
Q

Blood Supply to TMJ

A

Superficial temporal art (post capsule) which is terminal branch of ext. carotid art. and maxillary artery (deeper into mandibular space) which is a terminal branch of ext. carotid artery

34
Q

Where blood supply of TMJ branches from

A

External carotid artery

35
Q

supplies post. capsule of TMJ

A

superficial temporal artery

36
Q

Supplies the deep portion into the mandibular space of TMJ with blood

A

Maxillary artery

37
Q

Motion of TMJ

A

combination of hinge and gliding

38
Q

Protrusion

A

condyles move forward; discs glide down articular eminence

39
Q

Retrusion

A

condyles move back, discs glide up the eminence

40
Q

Depression

A

condyles rotate anteriorly around a horizontal axis, articular disc glides down,the articular eminence; when opening wide both protrusion and depression happen

41
Q

condyles rotate anteriorly around a horizontal axis, articular disc glides down,the articular eminence

A

depression

42
Q

elevation

A

discs glide back up the articular eminence and the condyles rotate posteriorly around a horizontal axis

43
Q

lateral deviation to right

A

aka excursions; to the right –> disc on left slides down eminence and the right condyle rotates slightly anteriorly

44
Q

lateral deviation to left

A

disc on right side slides down eminence and the left condyle rotates slightly anteriorly

45
Q

muscles for protrusion

A

lateral pterygoids

46
Q

muscle for retrusion

A

post/horizontal fibers of temporalis, deep fibers of massetter

47
Q

depression

A

suprahyoids, infrahyoids, and lateral pterygoids in wide opening (involves protrusion)

48
Q

elevation

A

massetter, temporalis, medial pterygoid

49
Q

lateral deviation

A

opposite lateral pterygoid

50
Q

disorders of function (and how common)

A

fractures of the mandible:
-30% at neck, at neck of condyle -25% at angle
-22% at chin
Subluxation (partial dislocation) and dislocation
-head of mandibular condyle is ahead of the articular tubercle

Anatomy (13 decks)

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