Neuro Emergencies Flashcards
Most common type of stroke
Ischemic
Upper Extremity Deficit > Lower Extremity Deficit
Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion
*There’s more deficits than just this card
Unilateral Lower Extremity Monoplegia or weakness
Anterior Cerebral Artery Stroke (ACA)
Most common brain area for Hemorrhagic stroke
Lenticulate
Most important risk factors for Intercerebral hemorrhage
Advanced age and HTN
2 reasons to do Neuro CT/MRI WITH contrast
Tumor or Infx
3 things CT is good for
bone, blood, calcification
Most common cause of Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Trauma NOT ruptured berry aneurysm
Star of death
Ruptured aneurysm filling circle of Willis. 50% die first hour.
*Ongoing 50%s, all bad odds
Worst HA of my life
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Most common cause of cc “Worst HA of my life”
Trauma
Worst HA, CT is negative for subarachnoid, what to do next?
LP and check for Xanthrochromia
If you suspect Bell’s Palsy, ask the patient to do this . . .
Wrinkle the forehead
*upper and lower facial nerve palsy
GCS: Best Motor
6
GCS: Best Verbal
V and 5
GCS: Eye opening
Four eyes (4)
Why do subdural hematomas look like crescents?
Bridging Veins
Exam Question: Which blood vessel is injured with epidural hematoma
Middle Meningeal Artery
Epidural Hematomas look like
Suture lines
- Lens shaped
Most common bacterial meningitis
Strep Pneumo
Most common viral meningitis
EnteroVirus
Most common fungal meningitis
Cryptococcus
Mnemonic: Kerning bends the . . .
“K” nee
Mnemonic: Brudzinski bends the . . .
“B” ack (of neck)
In neurology, MS can present as
Everything
What causes double vision?
disconjugation of any CN 2, 3, 4, 6
A stroke in this blood vessel can cause right leg upper-motor neuron weakness and Aphasia
Left Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA)
A stroke in this blood vessel can cause left leg upper-motor neuron weakness and Hemineglect
Right Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA)
Is Bell’s Palsy upper or lower motor neuron lesion?
Lower
Caused by tearing of Bridging Veins. Risks = elderly and alcoholics. Crescent-shaped hematoma on CT
Subdural Hematoma
If you suspect infectious neurological emergeny (ex: meningitis) and pt has petechial or purpuric rash, what should you expect when testing deep tendon reflexes?
Increased DTRs
