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Anatomy Unit 3 Final > Neuro- Basal Ganglia > Flashcards

Neuro- Basal Ganglia Flashcards

1
Q

striatum includes

A

caudate
putamen
nucleus accumbens

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2
Q

lenticular nucleus includes

A

globus pallidus interna & externa

putamen

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3
Q

subthalamic nucleus is developmentally part of

A

diencephalon

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4
Q

substantia nigra location

A

midbrain

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5
Q

caudate is part of what structure

A

wall of lateral ventricle

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6
Q

putamen coincides with

A

insula - extends expanse of

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7
Q

key output structure of basal ganglia

A

globus pallidus

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8
Q

basal ganglia related movement disorders can cause:

A

involuntary, hyperkinetic movements
difficulty initiating movement
perturbed muscle tone

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9
Q

substantia nigra compacta

A

pigmented neurons

modulatory dopaminergic projections to striatum

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10
Q

substantia nigra reticulata

A

non pigmented neurons

basal ganglia output nucleus

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11
Q

basal ganglia function

A

motor control med. by interactions w/ cortex

modulate cortical output via parallel loops

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12
Q

basal ganglia outputs

A

SNr and GPi

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13
Q

basal ganglia input

A

cortical afferents to striatum & subthalamus

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14
Q

basal ganglia excitatory connections use:

A

glutamate

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15
Q

basal ganglia inhibitory connections use:

A

GABA

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16
Q

basal ganglia excitatory connections

A

thalamocortical & corticostriate

17
Q

basal ganglia inhibitory connections

A

GPi & SNr

18
Q

basal ganglia inhibitory connections

A

GPi & SNr

19
Q

basal ganglia role in motor control

A

influence descending motor pathway

20
Q

Huntington’s Disease

A

degeneration of striatum (caudate > putamen)

chorea, rigidity, cognitive disturbances

21
Q

damage to subthalamus

A

thalamic disinhibition -> failure to suppress cortical outputs = involuntary movements
hemiballismus

22
Q

hemiballismus

A

dramatic movement disorder
flailing limbs
usually due to stroke or CVA

23
Q

parkinson’s disease features

A

bradykinesia
resting tremor
rigidity

24
Q

parkinson’s disease

A

SNc neurons contain Lewy bodies

25
Q

treatment of PD

A

replace dopamine lost due to degeneration of nigrostriatal fibers

26
Q

pallidotomy for PD

A

destroy GPi to alleviate hypokinesia & bradykinesia

27
Q

deep brain stimulation for PD

A

electrodes to stimulate subthalamus

Anatomy Unit 3 Final (12 decks)

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