Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

subject > neuro - appendix b > Flashcards

neuro - appendix b Flashcards

1
Q

Or brain has a multitude of cell and tissue types. A simplified classification is to proclaim it as:

A

White or Gray Matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Accumulations of neuron cell bodies and dendrites make up ______ matter

A

gray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Neuron axons constitute most of the ______ matter

A

white

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Thin layers of ______ make up the “cortex” of the cerebrum and cerebellum forming the outer surface

A

Grey matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The massive inner white matter is often broken up by small accumulations of gray matter called ______ (or _______)

A

nuclei (or basil ganglia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

As in all ______ our brain is hollow; having a series of interconnected ______.

A

Chordates; ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The ventricles of the brain are filled with _____.

A

cerebrospinal fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

cerebrospinal fluid is produced in the _____, and will eventually escape through the apertures of the ______ to surround the brain.

A

ventricles, fourth ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Our brain weighs ______, and nearly floats in an inner and outer “waterbath” of protection.

A

2.5-3 pounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The Brain Stem includes the:

A

Pons, Medulla oblongata, and Midbrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The ______ has an inferior stem-like structure, with an abundance of cranial nerve pairs near or extending out from it.

A

Medulla oblongata (M.O.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The medulla oblongata has two important ventral surface landmarks, what are they?

A

The olives, and the bilateral pyramids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The medulla oblongata is vital for life-maintaining functions such as:

A

breathing and cardiovascular control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The _______ Contains ALL ascending and descending neuron fibers associated with the spinal cord.

A

Medulla Oblongata (M.O.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

This structure is located just superior to the M.O., and has a distinct ventral bulge:

A

PONS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cranial nerve pair #___ appears dramatically on the lateral surface of the pons.

A

V

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The ____ and the ____ both form the ventral wall of of the fourth brain ventricle.

A

M.O., PONS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Among other functions, the Pons is well adapted as a(n) ______ and _____ center between the cerebrum and the cerebellum.

A

integration, relay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The small area surrounding the cerebral aqueduct.

A

Midbrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the ____ is a distinct passageway for cerebrospinal fluid between the 3rd and 4th ventricles.

A

cerebral aqueduct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The _____ is the area posterior to the aqueduct, which includes two superior and inferior colliculi.

A

Tectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

________ to the aqueduct are the bilateral bulges called the cerebral peduncles.

A

Ventral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The midbrain coordinates subtle reflexes dealing with:

A

Head movements in seeing and hearing

24
Q

The CP (peduncles) are full of important ______ ______ orientated fibers

A

descending motor

25
Q

The ______ is simply a fluid filled space bonded by the thalamus and hypothalamus laterally.

A

third ventricle

26
Q

The _____ is a neuron relay center, and also has control over many autonomic and endocrine functions.

A

Diencephalon

27
Q

The “flower” at the top of the “brainstem”

A

Telencephalon

28
Q

The right and left brain hemispheres are largely divided by the _________

A

longitudinal cerebral fissure

29
Q

Each brain hemisphere is subdivided into four major lobes:

A

Frontal, Parietal, temporal, occipital

30
Q

What are the Pseudolobes?

A

Limbic, Insular, and piriformis

31
Q

Each hemisphere has an outer thin cortex of _____ and an inner mass of ______ matter, along with with centrally located grey masses called basal ganglia.

A

Grey, White

32
Q

The largest brain lobe, which makes up 35% of the cerebrum

A

Frontal Lobes (R/L)

33
Q

Name the major gyri of the frontal lobe

A

Precentral Gyrus, superior/middle/inferior frontal gyri

34
Q

The frontal lobe is separated from the parietal lobe by the:

A

Central Sulcus

35
Q

The frontal lobe is separated from the temporal lobe by the:

A

Lateral Cerebral Sulcus (sylvian Sulcus)

36
Q

The _______ is full of neuron axons that connect R and L cerebral hemispheres.

A

corpus callosum

37
Q

Structures connecting equivalent halves of the CNS are often termed:

A

Commissures

38
Q

Our frontal lobes are best known for their role as both ________ centers and as _________ centers.

A

thought elaborating, voluntary motor initiating

39
Q

The inferior parietal lobule is primarily made up of the _______ and _______ gyri

A

supramarginal, angular

40
Q

Within the ______ lobe, one feels sensation types modalities. (light/deep touch, pain, temperature changes, and kinesthetic input)

A

Parietal

41
Q

Relatively small lobes with indistinct lateral and inferior boundaries:

A

Occipital Lobes (Rt/Lt)

42
Q

Sight and memory of past sight experience are received, built up, stored, and associated in this lobe:

A

Occipital

43
Q

Other lobes are dependent of transfer from the _____ lobe for proper function.

A

Occipital

44
Q

The temporal lobes are divided into distinct:

A

superior, middle, and inferior temporal gyri

45
Q

functions of the temporal lobes include:

A

auditory reception, interpretation, and memory centers

46
Q

Much of our behavior control mechanism is tied up along the medially located _______ formation

A

hippocampal

47
Q

The medial aspect of the temporal lobe is separated from the frontal lobe by the:

A

deep sylvian (lateral) sulcus

48
Q

The _____ is a significant olfactory interpretation area. (located within the temporal lobe)

A

Uncus

49
Q

A posterior enlargement located just dorsal to the pons and medulla:

A

Cerebellum

50
Q

The “hindbrain”

A

rhombencephalon

51
Q

The hindbrain includes:

A

the cerebellum, the MO, and the pons

52
Q

the fluid filled space between the pons, medulla, and cerebellum is known as:

A

the fourth brain ventricle

53
Q

The cerebellum is separated from the occipital lobe by a space, and a membrane called _______

A

Tentorium cerebelli

54
Q

The tentorium cerebelli membrane is in a fissure called the _______

A

horizontal cerebral fissure

55
Q

the ______ plays a major role in maintaining muscle tone, and in seeing that our voluntary movements are effective.

A

Cerebellum

subject (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions