Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GP Block > Neuro And ENT > Flashcards

Neuro And ENT Flashcards

1
Q

What are two signs that can be elicited in a patient with meningitis?

A

Kernig’s and Bragzinski’s signs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is kernig’s sign, what is a positive sign?

A

With patient laying on their back and hip and knee flexed at 90 degrees, slowly extend knee- resistance or pain and inability to extend knee past 135 degrees is positive sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a Brudzinski’s sign?

A

With patient laying on their back, flex the neck bringing chin to chest. Postive sign is involuntary flexing of hips and knees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How can headaches be classified by causes?

A

Primary, secondary and painful cranial neuropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What percentage of patoents with GCA have symptoms of polymyalgia rheumatica?

A

50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What pain relief is avoided in headaches? Why?

A

Opioids, they can make the pain worse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What medication can be given for chronic tension headache if lifestyle advice not working?

A

Low dose amytriptilline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the management for migraines?

A

Trigger avoidance (headache diary) + lifestyle changes, simple analgesia and/or triptans, anti-emetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What medication can be used for prevention of migraines? Which one is safe in pregnancy?

A

Propanolol, topiramate, amitriptylline

Propanolol safe in pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is status migrainosus?

A

Migraine lasting longer than 72 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How often would a patient be taking paracetamol for you to consider medication overuse headaches?

A

Over 15 days in a month

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How often would a patient be taking opioids/triptans for you to consider medication overuse headache?

A

More than 10 days in a month

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does HiNTs stand for?

A

Head impulse test, nystagmus, test of skews

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How would the presentation of labrythitis differ to that of vestibular neuronitis?

A

Labrynthitis would have hearing symptoms as well as the virtigo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does dysmetria mean?

A

Past pointing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In what condition would you see a ‘cafe au lait’ spot?

A

Neurofibromatosis type 2

17
Q

In neurofibromatosis type 2, what conditio causing sensorineural hearing loss is more common?

A

Acoustic neuroma

18
Q

What are common symptoms in menieres disease?

A

Aural fullness, roaring tinnitus, rising sensorineural hearing loss and vertigo

19
Q

What are the common presenting symptoms for acute otitis media?

A

Ear pain, temporary conductive hearing loss, fever

20
Q

What are signs of acute otitis media on otoscopy?

A

Tympanic membrane is red/cloudy and may be bulging

21
Q

How is acute otitis media managed?

A

Regular simple analgesia, consider anitbiotics if systemically unwell or at high risk of complication (amoxicillin/clarithromycin 5-7 days)

22
Q

What is chronic suppurative otitis media?

A

A chronic suppurative middle ear infection usually with persistently perforated tympanic membrane

23
Q

What are symptoms of CSOM (chronic suppurative otitis media)

A

Otorrhoea >2 weeks wihtout fever/pain, hearing loss, Hx of otitis media

24
Q

What features in a patient with CSOM would warrant urgent referral?

A

Fever vertigo and otalgia as need exclude intracranial/intratemporal complcations

25
Q

How would CSOM be managed?

A

Not in primary care.

Secondary care often antibiotics, steroids and intensive cleaning of ear

26
Q

What are symptoms of mastoiditis?

A

Pain/swelling/redness behind ear, discharge, fever, headache, hearing loss

27
Q

What are the signs in mastoiditis?

A

Ear sticking out, fever. If infection is bad then HR high, BP low

28
Q

What would otoscopy show in mastoiditis?

A

Erythema, bulging tympanic membrane, cloudy/fluid filled middle ear

29
Q

How is mastoiditis managed?

A

Antibiotics

30
Q

What are the symptoms of a dry tympanic perforation?

A

Hearing loss, otalgia, itching, fever, tinnitus

31
Q

What advice would you give to a patient/ parent with acute otitis media?

A

Use warm/cold flannel on ear, keep ear dry and avoid putting anything in ear. Reassure it normally resolves in a few days, max a week

GP Block (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions