neuro Flashcards
Persistence of primitive reflexes and the
lack of development of the postural
reflexes are the hallmark of …
an upper motor neuron abnormality in the infant
midface anomalies are associated with …
underlying brain malformations
cerebral palsy what is it
chronic disorders of posture and movement
results in delayed motor development, learning disabilities and epilepsy
can be:
spastic
dyskinetic
ataxic
cerebral palsy causes
pre natal - antepartum haemorrhage
perinatal - birth (head) trauma
post natal- hypoxia
cerebral palsy management
physio
botulinum toxin and baclofen for spasticity
t/c seizures management
valporate
absence seizures management
ethosuximide
infantile spasms
clusters of head nodding and arm jerks
infantile spasms
prednisolone
myoclonic seizures management
valporate
sodium valporate SE
vomit, drowsy, increased appetite
simple febrile seizure features
not epilepsy usualyy viral cause. single tonic clonic, symetrical. generalised
<15 mins
associated with raised temp
drowsy after
simple febrile seizure managment
diazepam PR of last >30mins
Types of Strabismus
Esotropia (in)
Exotropia (out)
Hypertropia (up)
Hypotropia (down)
amblyopia definition
Defective visual acuity which persists after
correction of the refractive error and removal of
any pathology
amblyopia treatment
Refractive adaptation - wear appropriate glasses for 16-18 weeks
Occlusion of the better seeing eye
full time or part time - Atropine drops
Otitis externa presentation and management
Painful, inflamed EAM +/- pinna
Treat with microsuction, topical antibiotics
otitis media presentation and complications
rapid onset of pain, fever, irriTable, vomiting
often occurs after URTI
mastoiditis
otitis media common pathogens
strep. pneumoniae, h.influenza, moraxella
otitis media with effusion (glue ear)
fluid in middle ear with signs of acute inflammation
grommet insertion
