Neuro

Question 1

1st line investigations in suspected shaken baby syndrome

Answer 1

CT  scan 
FBC 
LFT
Clotting 
Toxicology screen 
Urinalysis 
LP - if stable and not contraindicated

Question 2

Main cause of febrile convulsion

Answer 2

viral

Question 3

management of a febrile convulsion

Answer 3

antipyretics
safety net
educate and reassure parents

Question 4

Treatment in a febrile seizure if it lasts >15 mins

Answer 4

benzodiazepine

Question 5

how often do febrile convulsions recur?

Answer 5

1 in 6

Question 6

what is the prognosis in most with a febrile convulsion?

Answer 6

good neurological outcome

Question 7

key blood test in an afebrile seizure

Answer 7

blood glucose

Question 8

Investigations in afebrile seizure

Answer 8

Blood test - FBC, U&Es, other mineral, vit D, Metabolic work up 
Toxicology 
AED levels 
ECG 
EEG

Question 9

Presentation of lyme disease

Answer 9

erythema migrans 
fatigue 
lymphadenopathy 
myalgia 
headache 
fever

Question 10

neurological manifestations of lyme disease

Answer 10

meningitis
facial palsy
cerebellar ataxia

Question 11

how is lyme disease confirmed

Answer 11

antibody testing

Question 12

treatment for lyme disease

Answer 12

amoxicillin or doxycycline

Question 13

genetics of neurofibromatosis

Answer 13

autosomal dominant disorder

Question 14

for diagnosis of NF1 need >2 of

Answer 14

cafe au lait spots 
axiallary / inguinal freckling 
bony lesions 
2+ neurofibroma tumours 
1st degree relative with NF1 
>2 harmatomas 
optic nerve glioma

Question 15

NF2 most associated with

Answer 15

CNS tumours

Question 16

definition of cerebral palsy

Answer 16

fixed neurological disorder
affects motor and posture mainly
caused by non progressive injury to the developing brain in the first two years of life

Question 17

80% of CP due to

Answer 17

antenatal factors

Question 18

3 factors causing CP

Answer 18

antenatal
hypoxic ischaemic injury during delivery
Post natal factors

Question 19

3 types of cerebral palsy and what has been damaged

Answer 19

spastic- cortex damage
extrapyramidal - basal ganglia damage
ataxic - cerebellum damage

Question 20

define status epilepticus

Answer 20

seizure or repeated seizures lasting >30 mins without regaining consciousness

Question 21

MR brain done in suspected cerebral palsy?

Answer 21

to rule out neurodegenerative or metabolic conditions

• if aetiology unclear
• signs of regression