Neuro Flashcards
What are the causes of polymicrogyria
- In utero infection especially CMV 2. In utero Ischaemia 3. Genetic causes
What are the clinical manifestations of polymicrogyria
Developmental delay Quadriparesis or Intractable seizures
What are the two forms of lissencephaly
Type 1 - classical Type 2 - cobblestone
What is type 2 lissencephaly associated with?
Cerebellar and ocular malformation and muscular dystrophy - walker Warburg syndrome
The classic form of lissencephaly is characterised by …..
Hour glass or figure of 8
The congenital CC anomalies are often associated with other midline structures including ……….. Or ………
Midline lipoma Interhemispheric cyst
Schizencephaly is associated with …
Septo- optic dysplasia which is agenesis of septum pellucidum and optic nerve hypoplasia
Causes of cortical cleft interruption (4)
Schizencephaly- lined by grey matter Porencephaly - replacement of cortex by cystic structures Encephalomalacia Surgical resection cavity
In babies , chiari 1 is associated with ……. , ……… (2)
Sleep apnoea Feeding problems
NF1 manifestations
Cafe au lait Peripheral nerve sheath tumour CNS malignancies - optic nerve glioma Bone abnormalities - sphenoid wing dysplasia
NF1 association with brain neoplasms
Optic nerve glioma Juvenile pilocystic astrocytoma Brain stem glioma
Bone manifestations of NF1
Sphenoid wing dysplasia - pulsating enophthalmus or exophthalmos Posterior vertebral body scalloping Rib notching Focal gigantism Cervical kyphoscoliosis Neural foramina enlargement
Eye manipulation of NF1
Hamartomas of the iris known as Lisch nodules
Extra cranial manifestations of NF1
Wilm’s tumour Rhabdomyosarocoma AML - renal Leiomyosarcoma
Manifestations of NF2
MISME Multiple inherited Schwannoma ( bilateral is diagnostic) Meningioma Ependymoma
Characteristic of Sturge Weber
Facial port wine stain Occular abnormalities Failure of normal cortical venous development.
The port wine stain involves the forehead and upper eyelid corresponding to the region innervated by ………….
Ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve
Classical triad of TS
Nodular rash in nasolabial fold Seizure Mental retardation
Extra cranial manifestations of TS
Renal : multiple angiomyolipoma Cardiac : Rhabdomyoma Lung : LAM
When I say molar tooth configuration, you say….
Joubert syndrome and related disorder
