Neuro 3 Cortex Anatomy + Lesions (pg.460FA15) Flashcards
Syndrome caused by lesion to dominant angular gyrus in parietal lobe
Gerstmann syndrome
Syndrome with these symptoms:
- Agraphia
- Acalculia
- Right-left disorientation
- Finger agnosia
Gerstmann syndrome
The inability to express emotion or inflection in speech. Caused by lesion on non-dominant side of brain.
Dysprosody
*Usually on opposite side as Brocas - same area
Lesion on non-dominant parietal lobe causing one to notice half their body (for ex)
Hemispatial neglect
Which way do the eyes move during a frontal eye field lesion?
Eyes look toward the lesion
Which way do the eyes move when PPRF is damaged?
Eyes look away from the lesion
*Paramedian Pontine Reticular Formation: Brainstem (responsible for scanning eye movements)
This syndrome won’t allow pts to look up
Parinaud’s syndrome
Lesions of this colliculus causes paralysis of upward gaze
Superior colliculus
Parinaud’s syndrome= pts look downward away from superior lesion
Bilateral hippocampal lesions result in what symptom?
Anterograde amnesia
*No new memories
Lesions to these structures is caused by thiamine deficiency and can cause Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
Mamillary bodies
*often due to low B1/ETOH
Damage to which artery causes Broca’s or Wernicke’s aphasia?
Middle Cerebral a
Damage to which artery causes Unilateral lower extremity sensory and/or motor loss?
Anterior Cerebral a
Damage to which artery causes Unilateral sensory and/or motor loss in the face and arm?
Middle Cerebral a
Several berry aneurysms in Circle of Willis + kidney issues
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney Dz
Kluver-Bucy syndrome is caused by bilateral lesions of the
Amygdala
Basal ganglia lesions result in movement disorders T/F?
True
Hypokinesis seen in Parkinson Dz is caused by a lesion in this area
Basal ganglia
Hyperkinesis and chorea seen in Huntington’s is caused by a lesion in this area
Basal ganglia
Hemiballismus is caused by a lesion to which specific area of the Basal ganglia?
Subthalamic nucleus
What is Hemiballismus?
Flailing one arm involuntarily
Hemispheric Cerebellar lesions cause what symptoms?
Ipsilateral movement disorders
- Limb ataxia
- Intention tremor
Cerebellar vermis lesions affect which structures? (give a general answer)
Midline structures
Truncal ataxia is caused by lesion to which structure?
Cerebellar vermis
Slurred speech caused by loss of movement to middle of lips and middle of tongue may be caused by a lesion in this structure
Cerebellar vermis
*Affects midline structures (because it is itself a midline structure maybe?)
Slurred speech is also called
Dysarthria
Which type of collagen is affected in Classical Ehlers-Danlos syndrome?
Type V and Type I Collagen
Which type of collagen is affected in Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome?
Type III Collagen
Which type of collagen is affected in Osteogenesis imperfecta?
Type I Collagen
Lesions of this Midbrain area can cause reduced arousal and coma
Reticular activating system
Associated with HSV-1. Syndrome is disinhibition behavior
- hyperphagia
- hypersexuality
- hyperorality
Kluver-Bucy Syndrome
*Amygdala