Neuro Flashcards
Oculocephalic (Dolls eye)
Comotose patinet- Intact brainstem- eyes lag behind head mvmt. Injured brainstem- eyes follow head mvmt
Kernig/ Brudzinski
Menigial inflammation. Kernig- Back pain & resistance to leg straitening when supine. Brudzinski- Flex neck, involuntary flexion of legs
Gower Sign
Muscular dystrophy- children use arms to pull themselves up.
Clonus
Rythmic contractions following stretching. Hyperactive reflex, upper motor neuron lesion
Romberg
Ataxia- Inability to maintain balance with eyes closed
Pronator drift
Cerebellar function- Arms supinated- can’t keep arms level with eyes closed.
Decorticate posturing
Upper brainstem injury- rigidity and flexion while supine
Decerebrate posturing
Cerebellar injury, upper brainstem, pronated arms, exaggerated DTRs
Spasticity
Upper motor neuron lesion- hyperactive reflex, increased muscle tone, jerking, clonus
Flacidity
Lower motor neuron lesion- decreased tone, reflexes
Hemiplegia
Paralysis of one side of body
Paraplegia
Lower body paralysis- lower motor neuron lesion
Delirium
Acute, reversible state of disorientation- confused
Dementia
Progressive, chronic loss of mental function- reasoning, judgement, memory loss
Depression
A mood disorder marked by loss of interest of pleasure in living. decreased attention span, disorientation to time, impairment in constructional ability. MMSE DOES NOT diagnose
