NEURO Flashcards
Unilateral severe periorbital HA with tearing and conjunctival erythema
Cluster HA
Prophylactic tx for migraine HA
antihypertensives, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, dietary changes (also sumatriptan to abort headache!)
Most common primary tumor. Treatment?
Prolactinoma. Dopamine agonists (i.e. bromocriptine)
55 yo patient presents with “acute broken speech”. What type of aphasia? What lobe and vascular distribution
Broca’s.
Frontal lobe
left MCA
Most common cause of SAH
Trauma!!
Second most common is berry aneurysm
Crescent shaped hyperdensity on CT that doesn’t cross the midline
Subural hematoma due to torn bridging veins
Hx of significant AMS with a lucid interval. Diagnosis?
Most likely source?
Treatement?
Epidural hematoma
middle meningeal artery
Neurosurgical evacuation
CSF findings in SAH
xanthochromia, elevated ICP, RBCs
“albuminocytologic dissociation”
Guillane Barre syndrome (due to increased protein in CSF without a significant increase in cell count)
Cold water flushed into ear, and fast phase of nystagmus is torward the opposite side. Normal or pathologic?
Normal
Most common source of mets to the brain
Lung> Breast> Skin(melanoma)>kidney>GI tract
May be seen in children who are accused of inattention in class and confused w ADHD. Tx?
Absence SZ
Ethosuximide
Most frequent presentation of intracranial neoplasm
HA. primary neoplasms are much less common than brain mets
MCC of SZ in children
Infxn, febrile SZ, trauma, idiopathic
MCC of SZ in young adults
trauma, alcohol, brain tumor
First line medication for status epilepticus
IV Benzos
Confusion, confabulation, opthalmoplegia, ataxia
Wernicke encephalopathy due to thiamine deficiency
What % lesion is an indication for carotid endarterectomy?
70% IF the patient is symptomatic
MCC of dementia
Alzheimer’s and multi-infarct
Combined upper and lower motor neuron dz
ALS
Rigidity and stiffness w unilateral resting tremor and masked facies
Parkinson’s dz
Parkinson’s tx
Levodopa/Carbidopa
Tx for Guillan Barre
IVIG or plasmapheresis, DO NOT GIVE STEROIDS
Rigidity and stiffness that progresses to choreiform movements w/ moodiness and odd behavior
Hungtinton’s
6 year old girl w port wine stain in the V1 distribution with mental retardation, seizures and ispilateral leptomeningial angioma
Sturge-Weber. Tx = symptomatic. Possibly do focal cerebral resection of the affected lobe.
Multiple cafe au lait spots on skin
NF1
Hyperphagia, hypersexuality, hyperoality, hyperdocility
Kluver-Bucy syndrome (which affects the amygdala)
Administer this drug to diagnose myasthenia gravis
edrophonium
