Neuro

Question 1

Spontaneous nystagmus

Answer 1

caused by imbalance of vestibular signals
constant drift in one direction countered by quick movement in opposite direction
typically due to acute lesion & lasts 24 hrs

Question 2

Peripheral nystagmus

Answer 2

Peripheral lesion
Inhibited with gaze fixation

Question 3

Central nystagmus

Answer 3

Central lesion
Not inhibited with gaze fixation

Question 4

Positional nystagmus

Answer 4

induced with change in head position
only lasts a few seconds

Question 5

Gaze-evoked nystagmus

Answer 5

occurs when eyes shift
typically indicative of CNS pathology

Question 6

BESTest

Answer 6

Assesses 6 systems: biomechanical, stability limits, postural responses, anticipatory, sensory orientation, dynamic balance during gait

Question 7

Berg

Answer 7

Assesses fall risk
Static, transitional, dynamic in sitting and standing
<45 = increased risk for fall

Question 8

CTSIB

Answer 8

Assesses contributions of 3 sensory systems

Question 9

DGI

Answer 9

Balance with varying gait tasks
<19 indicates increased risk for fall

Question 10

Four square test

Answer 10

Multidirectional stepping
>15 seconds = fall risk

Question 11

Fregly-Graybiel Ataxia Test Battery

Answer 11

Static + walking
Pass/fail

Question 12

Fugl-Meyer Sensorimotor Assessment of Balance Performance

Answer 12

Specifically for patients with hemiplegia

Question 13

Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale

Answer 13

More advanced balance to avoid ceiling effect
<26 increased risk of falls

Question 14

FGA

Answer 14

Modification of DGI
Includes more challenging tasks i.e. backward walking
<23 indicates fall risk

Question 15

SPPB

Answer 15

Assesses LE performance and fall risk
5xSTS, 4-m walk, balance (tandem, mod tandem, side by side)
<10 = one or more mobility limitations and is predictive of all cause mortality

Question 16

TUG cut off

Answer 16

> 20 seconds increased risk for falls
30 seconds high risk for falls

Question 17

Tinetti

Answer 17

POMA
<19 increased risk for falls