Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medecine > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

Hemianopia and stroke

A

MCA : homonymous hemianopsia controlateral (look towards the side of lesion
PCA: contra lateral with macular sparing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Contraindications of tissue plasminogens activator

A

1-stroke or head trauma within 3 months
2- haemorrhage within 21 days
3- surgery 21 days
4- histories of cranial haemorrhage
5- Bp > 180/110

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Aphasia types

A

1 broca: follow commands but unable to verbalize or write
2 - wenrnikie : the inverse of broca
3 - conduction aphasia : affects th

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Lacunar stroke

A

Subcortical necrosis ( small penetrating arteries)
- basal ganglia- pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pure motor hemiparesis without sensory deficits or higher cortical function

A

Stroke of the posterior limb of the internal capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Thalamic pain syndrome

A

Severe paroxysmal burning pain over the affected area which is exacerbated by light touch (allodynia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CN III ipsilateral + hemiplegia

A

Weber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CN III ipsilateral + ataxia

A

Benedikt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Facial sensory loss + body sensory loss

A

Wallenberg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Quadriplegia + preserved consciousness + communicate through blinking

A

Looked in syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cause of death in subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

1 - rebleeding within the first 24 hours
2- vasospasm 3-10 days : arterial narrowing due to degradation of the blood and its metabolites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Upper motor neurons lesion

A

1 - spastic paralysis
2- hyperreflexia
3- no muscle wasting if present ( due to disuse atrophy
4- absent fasciculation
5- babinski sign ( fanning or the other toes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Lower motor neurons lesion

A

1- flaccid paralysis
2- hypo or areflexia
3- early and marked muscle wasting
4- twitches of group of muscles
5- normal plantar response
6- always ipsilateral and at the level of the lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pronator drift
Relatively sensitive and specific for upper motor neuron or pyramidal

A

Weakness in the supination compared to the pronator muscles of thr upper limb
The result: the affected arm drifts downward and the palm turns towards the floor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Spinal discord

A

1 - anterior spinal artery infarction
2- subacute combined degeneration
3- tabes dorsalis
4- brown sequard syndrome
5- syringomyelia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Romberg sign

A

Sways with eyes closed: sensory ataxia
Sways with closed eyes: cerebellar ataxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Argyll Robertson pupil

A

Accommodate to the near object but not to the light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Loss of pain and temperature bilaterally across the upper back and both arms
Bubble in the cord

A

Syringomyelia
Key : frequent burns in both of her hands while cooking or packing

19
Q

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (lou gehrigs disease

A

Pure motor disease upper and lower Motor neurons lesion while at the same time preserving bowel bladder sensory

20
Q

Bradykinesia ( slow movement)
Rigidity ( cogwheel rigidity) : slowing of movement on passive flexion of an extremity
Instability tendency to fall
Tremor at rest

A

Parkinson

21
Q

Parkinson trt

A

Mild : age > 60 amantadine ( release the dopamine
Age <60 anticholinergic
Sever disease:
Initial: carbidopa/levodopa
Side effects early:hallucinations
Late : dyskinesia (abnormal movements) akathisia (restlessness) off on phenomena trt; adding maob or comt or dopamine agonists

22
Q

Multiple system atrophy shy drager syndrome

A
  • Parkinson
  • autonomic dysfunction
  • widespread neurological signs
    Trt : volume expansion( fludrocortisone salt supplements
23
Q

Optic neuritis
Transverse myelitis
Inter nuclear ophthalmollegia

A

Multiple sclerosis

24
Q

Charcot Marie tooth disease

A

Mutation of myelins synthesis ( peroneal and tibial nerves)
Weakness + wasting muscle ( inverted champagne bottle)
Foot drop
Tremors

25
Q

Fluctuating fatigable muscles worsens with repetitive motions ( extra ocular ptosis + diplopia + bulbar ( chewing nasal speech
Tenslion test

A

Myasthenia

26
Q

Pseudo tumor cerebrei

A

Young obese female with headache and normal image and elevated CSF pressure
*impaired absorption of CSF by the arachnoid villi
* provoking agents corticosteroids and vitamin A

27
Q

Hearing loss + tinnitus + vertigo

A

Meniere disease

28
Q

Indications for treatment
Seizures

A

1 - abnormal neurological exam
2-presented with status epileptic
3- strong family history of seizures
4- abnormal EEG

29
Q

Todd paralysis

A

Self limited focal weakness that occurs after a focal or generalised seizure
Trt : supportive resolves within 36 hours
Exhaustion and inhibition in the neurons

30
Q

Causes of dementia

A

1- alzheimer disease
2- Frontotemporal dementia ( pick’s disease)
3- dementia with Lewy body
4- Creutzfeldt Jakob disease
5- vascular dementia
6- normal pressure hydrocephalus

31
Q

Vascular dementia caused by subcortical type ischemia

A
  • focal motor deficit
  • abnormal gait
  • urinary symptoms
  • psychiatric symptoms
  • gradual declining course
32
Q

Wacky ( dementia)
Wet ( urinary incontinence )
Apraxic gait wobbly
Ventriculomegaly

A

Normal pressure hydrocephalus
Normal opening pressure and transient clinical improvement following high volume CSF

33
Q

Wernicke encephalopathy
Chronic form : korsakoff syndrome

A

Confusion
Ataxia
Ophthalmoplegia

34
Q

Kosakoff syndrome

A
  • anterograde and retre amnesia
  • confabulation ( fill the memory by fabricated story
  • apathy
  • lack of insight
35
Q

Ataxia + teleangiectasias + IgA deficiency

A

B and T cells disorder

36
Q

Eczema + thrombocytopenia + recurrent infections

A

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

37
Q

Huntington disease

A

CAG trinucleotide expansion results in the formation of an abnormal Huntington protein that is toxic to caudate and striatum which are responsible for producing GABA

38
Q

Huntington disease

A

CAG trinucleotide expansion results in the formation of an abnormal Huntington protein that is toxic to caudate and striatum which are responsible for producing GABA

39
Q

Miller fisher syndrome a variant of guillan barre syndrome

A

Cerebellar like ataxia and areflexia and rapid onset ophthalmoplegia

40
Q

Neurocutanous disease

A

1- tuberous sclerosis
2- neurofibromatosis type 1
3- Sturge Weber syndrome

41
Q

Tuberous sclerosis

A

Mutation suppressor genes TSC1 which code for the protein hamartin and tuberin
- cortical tubers and subependymal hamartomas in the brain ( seizure and mental retardation
- leaf shaped patches of skin lacking pigment ( ash leaf patches)
- renal angio myo lipoma

42
Q

Neurofibromatosis type 1

A

Mutation gene suppressor NF1
- neurofibromas : sessile or pedunculated
- skin cafe au lait spots
- eye : optic nerve gliomas and visual loss and lisch nodules are pigmented hamartomas

43
Q

Sturge Weber

A

S : sporadic T : Tram track calcification U : unilateral R : retardation G : glaucoma E : epilepsy

44
Q

Cluster headache

A

Begin during sleep , peak rapidly, last approximately 90 minutes with men 8 times daily for 6-8 weeks followed by a remission lasting up to a year

Medecine (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions