Neuro

Question 1

What is the function of the spinocerebellar tract?

Answer 1

• unconcious proprioception and balance

Question 2

Function of the Posterior columns?

Answer 2

• sensory
• fine touch
• vibration
• proprioception

Question 3

Function of the lateral spinothalamic tract?

Answer 3

• carries pain and temp

Question 4

Function of the anterior spinothalamic tracts?

Answer 4

• carries crude touch and pressure

Question 5

What is the function of the corticospinal tract?

Answer 5

• controls musculature of the body

Question 6

What is the function of the coricobulbar tract ?

Answer 6

• controls musculature of the head and the neck`

Question 7

What is the function of the vestibulospinal tract?

Answer 7

• balance and posture

Question 8

What lesion would cause loss of contrlateral pain and temperature below the lesion?

Answer 8

• lesion of the lateral spinothalamic tract at the level of the brain of the spinal cord

Question 9

What lesion would cause loss of ipsilateral proprioception and steregnosis?

Answer 9

• lesion of the dorsal columns (posterior columns

Question 10

What lesion would cause ipsi loss of coordination ( uncoincious proprioception)?

Answer 10

• spinal cord or cerebellar lesion of the spinocerebellar tract

Question 11

What would cause sensory loss of the contralateral side of the body?

Answer 11

• lesion of the primary sensory cortex

Question 12

When does cogwheel rigidity or lead pipe rigidity occur?

Answer 12

• parkinson’s

Question 13

What causes

• glove and stock anestesia
• distal loss of sensation

Answer 13

• Peripheral Neuropathy b/c
  + diabetes
  + pernicous anemia
  + nutrient deficiency

Question 14

What causes

• loss of pain and temperature sense in the upper limbs
• cape like distribution

Answer 14

• syringomyelia b/c fluid fied cavity compresses the lateral spinothalamic tracts

Question 15

What causes

• decreased or loss of all sensory nodes
• the area of loss is dermatomal

Answer 15

- nerve root impingment b/c
  \+ trauma
  \+ vascular oclusion
  \+ disc herniation
  \+ impingment
  \+ SOL

Question 16

What causes

• contralateral pain and temperature loss
• ipsilateral vibration, position sense loss
• ipsilateral flacid paralysis at the level of the lesion
• ipsilateral spastic paralysis below the level of the lesion

Answer 16

• Brown Sequard (cord hemisection) b/c
  + meningioma
  + neurofibbroma
  + cervical spondylosis

Question 17

What causes

• saddle anesthesia
• incontinence
• impotence

Answer 17

• Cauda Equina b/c
  + central disc herniation
  + SOL
  + Truma (#)

Question 18

What causes?

- complete loss of all sensation and motor control below lesion

Answer 18

• complete cord transection b/c
  + trauma
  + demyelinating
  + SOL

Question 19

What causes?

• lateral shoulder sensory loss
• deltoid atrophy

Answer 19

• axillary nerve injury

Question 20

What causes

• lateral forearm sensory loss
• elbow flexion weakness

Answer 20

• Musculocutaneous nerve injury

Question 21

What causes

• sensory loss over posterior arm, forearm, wrist and posterior thumb index and middle finger
• wrist drop
• wrist extensor atrophy

Answer 21

• Radial Nerve injury b/c
  + brachial plexus injury
  + shoulder dislocation
  + direct trauma

Question 22

What causes

• decreased sensation of anterior thumb index middle finger and half of ring finger
• ape hand
• thenar atrophy

Answer 22

- median nerve injury b/c
  \+ brachial plexus injury
  \+ elbow dislocation
  \+ direct trauma
  \+ carpal tunnel

Question 23

What causes

• decreased or loss sensation of medial hand
• claw hand
• interosseous atrophy
• froments sign

Answer 23

- Ulnar nerve injury
\+ brachial plexus injury
\+ humeral head fracture
\+ elbow dislocation
\+ direct trauma

Question 24

What causes

• decrease or loss sensation of lateral shin and dorsum of foot
• foot drop

Answer 24

• common peroneal nerve injury b/c
  + prolonged crossed knee sitting
  + trauma to fib head
  + compression from high boots

Question 25

What causes

• paresthesia over anterior lateral thigh
• decreased light touch sensation over anterior lateral thigh
• no weakness or motor loss

Answer 25

- meralgia paresthertica b/c
\+ direct trauma
\+ fat
\+ pregnancy
\+ tight belts

Question 26

What causes

- loss of sensation on face and body on contralateral side to lesion

Answer 26

• Thalamus lesion

Question 27

What causes

• ipsilateral loss of facial pain and temp
• contralateral loss of body pain and temp

Answer 27

• Wallenberg’s syndrome

+ posterior inferior cerebellar artery occlusion

Question 28

What causes

• right side spasticity, hyperreflexia
• left weakness and tongue atrophy

Answer 28

• Medulla lesion

Question 29

What causes

• right maseter weakness and facial anesthesia
• left side lower face arm and leg weakness

Answer 29

• Pons lesion

Question 30

What causes

• right side ptosis, dilated pupil and difficulty adducting eye
• left sided lower facial paresis and spasticity of extremities

Answer 30

• Midbrain lesion

Question 31

What causes

• B/L CN 3 paresis
• Left sided decrease in all sensation

Answer 31

• midbrain lesion

Question 32

What causes?

• combination of UMN and LMN signs
• affects distal extremities first
• muscle atrophy
• hyperreflexia

Answer 32

• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Question 33

What causes

• rapid flaccid paralysis
• decreased sensation in extremities ex. arms and legs

Answer 33

• Guillian-Barre (demylenation infection

+ usually starts at the toes and centeralizes

Question 34

What causes contralateral lower limb

• weakness
• decreased sensation
• hyperreflexia

Answer 34

• Anterior Cerebral artery occlusion

if L artery then right leg affected

Question 35

What causes contralateral upper limb and facial

• weakness
• decreased sensation
• hyperreflexia

Answer 35

• middle artery occlusion

Question 36

What causes

• decreased proprioception
• hyporeflexia
• • rombers
• sensory loss
• ataxia
• bladder dysfunction

Answer 36

• Neurosyphilis b/c

+ Treponema pallidum (affects posterior columns)

Question 37

What causes contralateral

• loss of pain, vibration and crude touch (spinothalamic)
• loss of fine touch graphesthesia and sterognosis
• cognitive defects

Answer 37

• cortex lesion b/c
  + stroke
  + parietal lobe lesion