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exam 4 MS > neuro > Flashcards

neuro Flashcards

1
Q

2 types of vertigo

A

benign paroxysmal vertigo
central vertigo

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2
Q

s/s of cerebellum issue

A

vertigo
ataxia

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3
Q

lack of coordination is called

A

ataxia

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4
Q

unsteady walking is called

A

ataxic gait

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5
Q

benign paroxysmal vertigo is dizziness related to an issue where

A

the ears

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6
Q

central vertigo is associated with an issue with what

A

the cerebellum

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7
Q

benign paroxysmal vertigo is triggered by?

A

changing position of head

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8
Q

central vertigo is triggered by?

A

nothing can happen abruptly

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9
Q

procedure where spinal needle is inserted through L3-L4 interspace into lumbar subarachnoid space

A

lumbar puncture

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10
Q

how does patient have to be positioned during lumbar puncture procedure

A

lateral recumbent with knees to abdomen & chin to chest

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11
Q

reasons lumbar puncture is performed

A

obtain CSF
measure CSF
install air, dye or medication

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12
Q

s/p lumbar puncture interventions

A

-position pt flat for 3-4 hrs
-monitor vitals & neuro signs to check for CSF leakage
- monitor for headaches
- increase fluid intake

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13
Q

lumbar puncture interventions during procedure

A

position pt lumbar recumbent w knees to abdomen & chin to chest

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14
Q

what pt is lumbar puncture procedure contraindicated in

A

pt w/ increased intracranial pressure

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15
Q

where should you avoid doing lumbar puncture to not injure spinal cord

A

L1 or thoracic area

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16
Q

internal lining of CNS is called

A

meninges

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17
Q

irritation of the the meninges is called

A

meningsm

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18
Q

s/s off meningism

A

stiffness
severe headache

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19
Q

what position should pt be placed in after lumbar puncture procedure

A

supine position

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20
Q

what should pt be given after lumbar puncture procedure unless contraindicated

A

2-3 L of fluids

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21
Q

what does normal CSF look like

A

clear

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22
Q

known as the “food of the brain”

A

glucose

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23
Q

what does cloudy CSF mean?

A

bacteria present

24
Q

what do bacteria/viruses eat

A

glucose

25
Q

low glucose in CSF means?

A

meningitis

26
Q

what do bacteria excrete

A

protein

27
Q

low glucose and high protein in CSF means which kind of meningitis

A

bacterial meningitis

28
Q

low glucose and low protein is a sign of what meningitis

A

viral meningitis

29
Q

how to differentiate between bacterial and viral meningitis

A

protein level

30
Q

what does the blood brain barrier do?

A

filter what can enter the brain

31
Q

what is the only thing that can cross the blood brain barrier without filter

A

glucose

32
Q

bloody/sangeous CSF is a sign of

A

brain aneurysm/brain bleeding

33
Q

excessive CSF can cause

A

increased intracranial pressure

34
Q

will intracranial pressure increase with brain bleeding?

A

yes

35
Q

what happens if lumbar puncture is performed on a pt w increased ICP?

A

too much leakage

36
Q

what happens to the meninges when lying down

A

relaxed

37
Q

imaging of blood vessels in the brain by injecting iodine contrast in artery

A

cerebral angiography

38
Q

what artery is mostly used in cerebral angiography

A

carotid artery

39
Q

why is carotid artery used in cerebral angiography

A

closest to the brain

40
Q

angio means

A

blood vessels

41
Q

what medication is contraindicated before angiography and just be stopped 48 hrs before procedure

A

metformin

42
Q

pre op cerebral angiography interventions

A

assess for iodine/shellfish allergy
encourage hydration

43
Q

s/p cerebral angiography interventions

A

-monitor for neck swelling
-monitor/report dyspnea/difficulty swallowing
-keep bed flat if contrast was injected into femoral artery

44
Q

graphic recording of electrical activity of superficial layers of cerebral cortex

A

electroencephalography

45
Q

who are the only people able to interpret electrocephalography

A

neurologists

46
Q

s/p electroencepholography interventions

A

maintain side rails
safety precautions if pt sedated

47
Q

bell’s palsy means what cranial nerve is damaged

A

cranial nerve 7

48
Q

what nervous system controls CNS

A

respiration

49
Q

bilateral dilated fixed pupils mean what part of the brain is damaged

A

midbrain damage

50
Q

pinpoint fixed pupils mean what part of the brain is damaged

A

pontine

51
Q

cheyne stokes respiration occurs when

A

CNS issue
pt dying

52
Q

reflex assessed by stroking sole of foot

A

babinski reflex

53
Q

what will happen to toes if babinski reflex is positive

A

fan out and be hyperextended

54
Q

how will toes be when babinski is tested on babies that’s normal

A

hyperextended

55
Q

what is the best glasgow coma score

A

15

exam 4 MS (5 decks)

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