chapter 46 Flashcards
osteoarthritis etiology
joint over use
non modifiable (primary) osteoarthritis risk factors
age
inherited genes
modifiable (secondary) osteoarthritis risk factors
obesity (more weight on bones)
joint injury
repetitive stress to joints (I.e construction worker)
immobility
osteoarthritis prevention
exercise
weight loss
proper diet
take work breaks
avoid injuries
osteoarthritis S/S
pain
crepitus
joint effusion
heberden & bouchard nodes
when is osteoarthritis pain worst
in the morning
pt will describe osteoarthritis pain as?
“stiffness“
osteoarthritis pain improves with?
time (30 mins)
exercise
abnormal fluid in joints is called
joint effusion
is osteoarthritis onset gradual or abrupt
gradual
is osteoarthritis a systemic inflammatory disease?
no it will have localized inflammation
will a pt with right shoulder osteoarthritis pain have associated left shoulder pain?
no osteoarthritis pain is asymmetric
small swollen bumps that grow on your finger joints are called?
heberden’s and bouchard nodes
what imaging diagnostic studies are used for osteoarthritis
MRI
CT scan
osteoarthritis labs
aspirated joint fluid
ESR
CRP
non inflammatory, localized, progressive disorder that involves deterioration of articular cartilages
osteoarthritis
osteoarthritis pain is exacerbated by?
motion
pain will have what effect on osteoarthritis patients motion?
limited motion
what is a proximal interphalangeal joint?
middle knuckles of the fingers
what is the distal interphalangeal joint?
joint closest to tip of finger
bony swelling of a distal interphalangeal joint is called?
heberden node
bony swelling of proximal interphalangeal joint is called?
bouchard node hint: someone running their bouche (mouth in french) gets the middle finger 🖕🏾
rheumatoid arthritis S/S
-fever (low grade)
-generalized inflammation
-symmetrical joint involvement (i.e both knees)
-generalized weakness/fatigue
- morning stiffness (last longer than O.A)
-lymphadenopathy
-weight loss
the systemic nature of rheumatoid arthritis can cause?
- myocardial infarction
- angina
- thrombic complications (blood clots)
- pathological fractures
rheumatoid arthritis labs
- rheumatoid factor (RF)
- anti-CCPBA
- ANA
-ESR - CRP
rheumatoid arthritis imaging
- x-rays
- ct scan
- arthrocentesis
when fluid is taken out of a joint with a needle
arthrocentesis
why is rheumatoid arthritis sometimes misdiagnosed as lupus
both affect smaller joints in the body in the same way
how is rheumatoid arthritis differentiated from lupus
bone erosion and deformity in later stage of rheumatoid arthritis
rheumatoid arthritis treatment
-glucocorticoids (for inflammation & to suppress immune system)
- NSAIDS (pain & fever)
- antidepressants (depression from R.A sxs)
- methotrexate (immunosuppressant & chemotherapy)
what is something to monitor for in patients receiving methotrexate treatment?
infection
what does methotrexate do to bone marrow?
suppresses bone marrow
can you send flowers to a patient receiving methotrexate treatment?
no because they can cause infection
what should patients receiving methotrexate or immunosuppressants avoid to prevent infection?
flowers
crowded areas
sick people
bending at base of finger and outermost joint is called
swan neck deformity
bone deformity caused by rheumatoid arthritis
swan neck deformity
