Neuro Flashcards
Brachial plexus entrapment
scalenes, pec minor, cervical rib, 1st rib dysfunction
Radial nerve entrapment
supinator
Axillary nerve entrapment
quadrangular space
Median nerve entrapment
pronator teres or carpal tunnel
Ulnar nerve
cubital tunnel
dorsal scapular nerve
middle scalene
sciatic nerve
piriformis
common peroneal nerve
fibular head
tibial nerve
tarsal/tibial tunnel
interdigital nerves
morton’s neuroma
cervical cardiopulmonary splanchnic
heart (T1-4 travels up to superior, middle, and inferior cervical trunks)
thoracic cardiopulmonary splanchnic
heart (T1-4 travels up to superior, middle, and inferior cervical trunks)
Greater splanchnic nerve to the celiac ganglion
T5-9; liver, duodenum, stomach, pancreas
Lesser splanchnic nerve to the superior mesenteric ganglion
T10-T11; kidney and ureters
Least splanchnic nerve to aorticorenal ganglion
T12; kidney and colon
lumbar splanchnic nerve to adjacent plexus near the aorta
L1-L2; intestines
sacral splanchnic nerve to the hypogastric plexus
L3-S1; prostate, bladder, rectum (sympathetic)
pelvic splanchnic nerve, preganglionic to parasympatheitc
S2-S4; descending colon (parasympathetic)
Sympathetic trunk (T1-L2)
Lamina 7
Heart visceral referral
left chest, medial arm to 5th digit
Gallbladder visceral referral
right shoulder around AC joint
Spleen visceral referral
left shoulder around AC joint
Pancreas visceral referral
mid back and inter-scapular area
Prostate visceral referral
low back pain
Appendix visceral referral
lower right quadrant pain
COPS 3977
Ciliary ganglion - CN III
Otic ganglion - CN IX
Pterygopalatine ganglion - CN VII
Submandibular ganglionion - CN VII
CN sensory, motor, or both
Some say marry money but my brother says big brains matter more
vasodilation
sympathetic
vasoconstriction
parasympathetic
Dorsal Column
proprioception, vibration, 2-point discrimination
Lateral spinothalamic
Pain and temperature
Anterior spinothalamic
crude touch
Lateral (dorsal) spinocerebellar
ipsilateral trunk unconscious proprioception
Anterior (ventral) spinocerebellar
ipsilateral lower extremity unconscious proprioception
Anterior corticospinal
trunk, neck, and shoulders motor
Lateral corticospinal
extremities (appendicular) motor
tectospinal
visual auditory reflexive pathway
rubrospinal
activates flexors (pre-central gyrus)
vestibulospinal
activates extensors
Pyramidal
motor or sensory from the brainstem to the brain
Extra-pyramidal
anything in the spine outside the pyramids
CoPs
CNS= oligodendrocytes PNS= Schwann cells
Microglia
macrophages of the nervous system, derived from mesoderm
Astrocytes
helps with the blood-brain barrier
Ependymal cells
make CSF
CN
on on on they traveled and found Voldemort guarding very ancient Horcruxes
cholinergic neurotransmitter
acetylcholine, all acetylcholine receptors are nicotinic
adrenergic NT
norepinephrine
adrenergic receptors
alpha= contraction of smooth muscle beta1= increase HR and contraction beta2= relaxation of smooth muscle
where are Schwann cells found
PNS, make myelin
raphe nucleus
sertonin
locus ceruleus
stress
fasciculus gracilis
carries information from the lower extremities in the dorsal column
fasciculus cuneatus
carries information from the upper extremities in the dorsal column
guy has sensory over his lateral shoulder, what cord does the nerve that supplies this area come from
posterior cord
what nerve supplies temporalis and masseter
CN V
what nerve supplies the posterolateral part of the leg sensory
sural
what nerve root would be affected in an L4/L5 disc herniation
L5
what nerve root would be affected in an L4/L5 IVF narrowing
L4
what nerve is toe walking
L5
what nerve root is the brachioradialis
C6
what nerve tract is involved in Parkinsons
nigrostriatal
where is heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing controlled in the brain
medulla
what does the hypothalamus control
motivated behaviours like sexuality and hunger
if someone sustains an injury to the primary motor area (pre-central gyrus) what tract will take over and what positioning will the body have
rubrospinal, decorticate; flexor activation, extensor inhibition
if there is trauma to the midbrain, which motor tract would take over, and what is the resulting body position
vestibulospinal, decerebrate since both corticospinal and rubrospinal would be damaged; activates extensors
cerebral palsy affects which tract
corticospinal tract
biceps femoris compresses what nerve
common fibular
what cord is damaged if no sensation in the pinky finger and medial forearm
medial cord
facet joints are innervated by what
medial branches of dorsal rami of corresponding spinal nerve below
proteinuria, pain in the back, glucosuria, what organ is responsible
kidney damage
someone is acutely smoking marijuana, what’s the most likely to not happen
lung infection
a patient presents with paralysis of the lower portion of their face, what tract is likely involved
corticobulbar
lack of reflex of the brachioradialis, what disc is involved
C5, C6
a surgical procedure was performed in the posterior cervical triangle and a nerve was cut, based on the nerve being damaged, what would be a deficit
drooping of the shoulder
the C5 and C6 nerve roots are both damaged, which muscles would be affected
brachialis and extensor carpi radialis
the left optic nerve is damaged, which retinal fields would be affected
left nasal and temporal fields
patient with a pituitary tumor has what kind of visual deficit
bitemporal hemianopsia
the C5-6 nerve root creates what from the brachial plexus
long thoracic nerve
what is the most superior nerve root that is found in the lumbar plexus
T12
