Neuro

Question 1

What needs to be included when educating parents about febrile seizures?

a. The pediatric patient will only have one febrile seizure in one day.
b. The pediatric patient s at increased risk for epilepsy than an adult is.
c. Children may experience repeated seizures.
d. The pediatric patient would benefit from phenytoin prophylaxis.

Answer 1

c. Children may experience repeated seizures.

Question 2

Which of the following signs are not characteristic of generalized seizures?

a. Disturbance of consciousness
b. Simultaneous and symmetric central hemisphere discharge
c. Tonic stiffening of the trunk
d. Unilateral motor manifestations

Answer 2

d. Unilateral motor manifestations

Question 3

Which of the following is the primary diagnostic test used in the evaluation of seizure disorder?

a. Cerebral blood flow studies
b. MRI
c. EEG
d. CT scan

Answer 3

c. EEG

Question 4

Upon physical examination of a 4 year old boy, you note 7 café au lait spots greater than 5 mm in diameter. This finding may be indicative of:

a. Neurofibromatosis
b. Tuberous sclerosis
c. Sturge-Weber Disease
d. Duchenne dystrophy

Answer 4

a. Neurofibromatosis

Question 5

Mark is a 15- year old high school student who presents for a school sports physical. He appears to be healthy but is concerned about a headache he had few weeks ago. He is concerned because his mother’s friend died of brain tumor. You tell Mark that the most common type of headache with onset in adolescence is:

a. Vascular headache
b. Tension headache
c. Migraine headache
d. Sinus headache

Answer 5

b. Tension headache

Question 6

An 18-year old college freshman is seen in the student clinic with a complaint of migraine headaches. In collecting the history, you would expect him to say he experiences pain:

a. Mostly in the occipital area
b. Across his head from one temporal side to another
c. Restricted to one side of his head during an episode
d. Throughout his head without any localization

Answer 6

d. Throughout his head without any localization

Question 7

Mr. Harris calls the pediatric clinic to say that Simon, his 2 year old son, has tripped on the sidewalk and hit his head on concrete. Which of the following symptoms reported by Mr. Harris would require that Simon be seen in the emergency room?

a. History of febrile seizures
b. Uncontrollable crying
c. Scalp laceration
d. Loss of consciousness

Answer 7

d. Loss of consciousness

Question 8

A 12-month old child, whose parents has a history of non-compliance for routine care, presents to the clinic with fever, irritability and nuchal rigidity. The most critical diagnostic step in the child with suspected meningitis is

a. Evaluation of CSF
b. Blood culture
c. The physical exam
d. The history

Answer 8

a. Evaluation of CSF

Question 9

Absence seizure:

a. Often begin between 1-2 years of age
b. Appear as altered awareness and blank stare for a brief period
c. Usually progress to a more severe seizure disorder beyond childhood
d. More commonly occur in first-born children

Answer 9

b. Appear as altered awareness and blank stare for a brief period

Question 10

The most common type of brain tumor in children is:

a. Craniopharyngioma
b. Ependymoma
c. Medulloblastoma
d. Brain stem tumor

Answer 10

c. Medulloblastoma

Question 11

Which of the following would not be associated with an uncomplicated concussion?

a. Confusion or amnesia for the event
b. Headache
c. Brief loss of consciousness
d. Focal motor signs

Answer 11

c. Brief loss of consciousness

Question 12

For children 2 to 4 years of age, the most common cause of head injury is:

a. Falls
b. Motor vehicle accidents
c. Child abuse
d. Bicycle accidents

Answer 12

a. Falls

Question 13

Which of the following statements about Tourette Syndrome is true?

a. It is more common among males than among females
b. Mean age at onset is between 5 to 7 years
c. All of the above
d. Symptoms can improve with age

Answer 13

c. All of the above

Question 14

An 11 year old female is brought in by her mother complaining of severe headaches associated with nausea and vomiting. Which of the following signs and symptoms would lead you to consider a brain tumor as part of your differential diagnosis?

a. More severe in the morning followed by vomiting
b. Headache preceded by visual aura
c. Bilateral throbbing pain
d. Throbbing pain accompanied by severe light sensitivity

Answer 14

a. More severe in the morning followed by vomiting

Question 15

In most states, a learning disability is defined on the basis of:

a. A discrepancy between the child’s actual and expected achievement
b. All of the above
c. The child’s IQ as determined by a psychological evaluation
d. A diagnosis of attention deficit disorder

Answer 15

a. A discrepancy between the child’s actual and expected achievement

Question 16

There are several skin features seen with tuberous sclerosis. Which of the following is most characteristic?

a. Café Au Lait
b. Hypopigmented macules in an “ash leaf” shape
c. Blue or purple striae
d. Papules in a Christmas Tree pattern

Answer 16

b. Hypopigmented macules in an “ash leaf” shape

Question 17

Which of the following responses during a tonic-clonic seizure is most important to teach family members of a child who has these seizures?

a. Insert an airway into the mouth to prevent tongue biting
b. Restrain a child
c. Protect the child from injury
d. Note the time, duration and activity of the seizure

Answer 17

c. Protect the child from injury

Question 18

The most useful diagnostic tool for diagnosing epilepsy is:

a. CT Scan
b. MRI
c. EEG
d. EMG

Answer 18

c. EEG

Question 19

A 2 year old child is evaluated in the emergency department for a closed head injury following a 10-foot fall from an open window. When interpreting a diagnostic imaging results, you are aware that the most common and generally the least serious type of skull fracture is:
a. Basilar fracture
b. Depressed fracture
Depressed fracture
c. Compound fracture
d. Linear Fracture

Answer 19

d. Linear Fracture

Question 20

A head injury in which bruising or tearing of the cerebral structures occurs is a:

a. Hematoma
b. Diffuse axonal injury
c. Contusion
d. Concussion

Answer 20

c. Contusion