Musculoskeletal Flashcards
You performed Adam’s test with child bending forward to look for asymmetry, confirmed with AP and lateral standing x-ray, shows lateral deviation and rotation. Your diagnosis is?
a. Scoliosis
b. Kyphosis
c. Lordosis
d. Cervical stenosis
a. Scoliosis
Osteogenesis Imperfecta presents with brittle bones, hypoplastic teeth, blue/grey sclera and _______________ limbs.
a. bowing
b. assymetric
c. short
d. long
a. bowing
A 15 year old boy was brought in to the office after a minor motorcycle accident in their family farm. You suspected lower leg fracture when you noted the following except:
a. proximal limb weakness
b. limited ROM
c. guarding of the affected area
d. edema
a. proximal limb weakness
After corrective surgery for clubfoot, the affected foot may be 1/2 size smaller. True or False
True
This kind of limp is characterized by tilting over the affected hip to decrease mechanical stresses, whereas the unaffected leg is off the ground during swing-through phase of gait.
a. Trendelenburg gait/abductor lurch
b. Circumduction
c. Antalgic
d. Equinos/ Toe-to -heel gait
a. Trendelenburg gait/abductor lurch
In Talipes Equinovarus, the foot can be manually corrected to a neutral position with the heel down. True or False
False
This injury is usually caused by microtrauma and most commonly seen in active teens but can also occur in early childhood. The most common affected site is proximal tibia.
a. Stress fractures
b. Shin splints
c. Patellofemoral pain syndrome
d. Osgood-Schlatter Disease
a. Stress fractures
Flatfoot should be considered a variation of normal, unless there is pain and rigidity. True or False
True
This is a childhood hip disorder that presents as avascular necrosis of femoral head as a result of insufficient blood supply to the femoral head.
a. Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease
b. Osggod-Schlatter Disease
c. Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
d. Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
a. Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease
This maneuver includes flexing the hips and knees while the infant lies supine, placing the soles of the feet on the table near the buttocks and then looking at the knee heights for equality. A positive test is made when the heights are not equal.
a. Galeazzi Maneuver
b. Barlow Maneuver
c. Ortolani Maneuver
d. Klisic Test
a. Galeazzi Maneuver
You received a call from a mother who reports that her 3 year old otherwise healthy male child has been complaining of persistent lower back pain for 1 week. She denies fever and other gross systemic symptoms except for acute 4 lb weight loss which she attributed to running around a lot with his siblings and being a picky eater. For the past 24 hours, he refused to ride his bicycle because of the pain and his level of activities have significantly decreased. You advised the mother to:
a. Give Motrin 10 mg/kg every 6 hours until his pain improves.
b. Bring the child to the ED because this warrants immediate attention.
c. Encourage complete bedrest for 24 hours and reevaluate
d. This is common in this age group and should self resolve
b. Bring the child to the ED because this warrants immediate attention.
This type of scoliosis is often secondary to weakness or spasticity of the muscles of the muscles of the trunk and can continue to progress after skeletal maturity.
a. Idiopathic scoliosis
b. Neuromuscular scoliosis
c. Congenital Scoliosis
d. Acquired Scoliosis
b. Neuromuscular scoliosis
You are evaluating an 18 month old who suddenly refused to stand up and walk. He also refused to bear weight on the left leg. Parents report a viral URI started 5 days ago with low grade fever. WBC was normal with right shifted differential. He is otherwise non-toxic appearing. You ordered an ultrasound of the left hip. Results showed effusion with small particles floating in the effusion. Your likely diagnosis is:
a. Toxic synovitis
b. Septic arthritis
c. Hip fracture
d. Tibial torus fracture
a. Toxic synovitis
In reference to previous question:
You are evaluating an 18 month old who suddenly refused to stand up and walk. He also refused to bear weight on the left leg. Parents report a viral URI started 5 days ago with low grade fever. WBC was normal with right shifted differential. He is otherwise non-toxic appearing. You ordered an ultrasound of the left hip. Results showed effusion with small particles floating in the effusion.
What do you tell his parents?
a. Symptoms usually goes away within a week or two, but sometimes can last for 4-5 weeks.
b. He needs 14 days of PO antibiotics.
c. He will need an immobilizer and a possible surgical intervention.
a. Symptoms usually goes away within a week or two, but sometimes can last for 4-5 weeks.
In reference to the same patient with Toxic Synovitis, you expect the CRP and ESR to be markedly elevated. True or False
True
