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Physiology PSL201 > Neuro 1 > Flashcards

Neuro 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Glial cells

A
  • support cells

- act as a glue to the system

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2
Q

Dendrite

A

Reception of incoming information

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3
Q

Axon hillock

A

When axon originate and action potential initiates

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4
Q

Axon terminal

A

Releases neurotransmitter

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5
Q

5 types of Glial Cells

A

Astrocytes

Ependymal cells

Microglia

Ogliodendrocytes

Schwann cells

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6
Q

What is white matter

A

Myelin

  • mainly made of fat
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7
Q

3 important points on Ogliodendrocytes

A

CNS

Forms SEVERAL myelin sheaths

Myelinates sections of several axons

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8
Q

3 important points on Schwann Cells

A

PNS

Forms ONE myelin sheath

Myelinated one section of an axon

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9
Q

What does myelin help with

A

Increase conduction speed

Makes signal stronger

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10
Q

Node of Ranvier

A

Gaps of no myelination

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11
Q

What is the fastest axon in humans (m/s)

A

80 m/s

Unmyelinated is as slow as 2 m/s

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12
Q

How many neutrons and synapses are in the CNS?

A

10^11

10^14

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13
Q

The presence of ______________ makes the cell excitable

A

Voltage gated sodium channels

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14
Q

True/false

All cells in the body generate membrane potential

A

True

Also it is usually negative voltage inside compared to outside

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15
Q

What is the typical resting membrane potential

A

-70 mV

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16
Q

What are the 2 critical factors in determining resting membrane potential

A
  1. Ion concentration gradients
  2. Membrane permeability to these ions

Thus we need to create concentration gradients (ion pumps) and a semi permeable membrane (ion channels)

17
Q

20% of resting membrane potential is directly due to:

A

Na/K ATPase
- electrogenic charges of the ions!!

The other 80% is indirectly due to Na/K ATPase
- this produces concentration gradients

18
Q

Chemical and electrical driving forces are:

A

Opposite in direction

Equal in magnitude

19
Q

The presence of ______________ makes the cell excitable

A

Voltage gated sodium channels

20
Q

True/false

All cells in the body generate membrane potential

A

True

Also it is usually negative voltage inside compared to outside

21
Q

What is the typical resting membrane potential

A

-70 mV

22
Q

What are the 2 critical factors in determining resting membrane potential

A
  1. Ion concentration gradients
  2. Membrane permeability to these ions

Thus we need to create concentration gradients (ion pumps) and a semi permeable membrane (ion channels)

23
Q

20% of resting membrane potential is directly due to:

A

Na/K ATPase
- electrogenic charges of the ions!!

The other 80% is indirectly due to Na/K ATPase
- this produces concentration gradients

24
Q

Chemical and electrical driving forces are:

A

Opposite in direction

Equal in magnitude

25
Q

The presence of ______________ makes the cell excitable

A

Voltage gated sodium channels

26
Q

True/false

All cells in the body generate membrane potential

A

True

Also it is usually negative voltage inside compared to outside

27
Q

What is the typical resting membrane potential

A

-70 mV

28
Q

What are the 2 critical factors in determining resting membrane potential

A
  1. Ion concentration gradients
  2. Membrane permeability to these ions

Thus we need to create concentration gradients (ion pumps) and a semi permeable membrane (ion channels)

29
Q

20% of resting membrane potential is directly due to:

A

Na/K ATPase
- electrogenic charges of the ions!!

The other 80% is indirectly due to Na/K ATPase
- this produces concentration gradients

30
Q

Chemical and electrical driving forces are:

A

Opposite in direction

Equal in magnitude

31
Q

Which direction do the chemical and electrical forces of potassium go?

A

Chemical driving force is OUT of the cell

Electrical is IN

  • because of this: membrane potential develops
32
Q

What is equilibrium potential for potassium

A

-94 mV

33
Q

A membrane at rest is most permeable to what

A

K+

Physiology PSL201 (7 decks)

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