Endo 2 Flashcards
What is the primary function of ADH (vasopressin)
Increase water tea sorority in the kidneys
- conserve body water
- water balance and fluid homeostasis
- increases blood volume and blood pressure
What will happen if ADH increases the permeability of the cells in the kidney
It will increase reabsorption and lower urine output
What triggers ADH release
Changes is osmolarity
- detected by osmoreceptors in hypothalamus
How does blood pressure affect ADH
Baroreceptors detect reduced stretch in walls of the atria and the heart
Low blood pressure increases ADH release
How does alcohol affect ADH
Inhibits it
Hormones from the posterior pituitary are released into the:
Capillary bed
What do aquaporins do
Facilitate increased permeability - works with ADH
If ADH is suppressed will cAMP in principal cells increase or decrease
Decrease
Where isADH produced and released?
Produced in hypothalamus
Released by posterior pituitary
Where is oxytocin produced and released?
Oxytocin secreting endocrine cells in the hypothalamus
Released from posterior pituitary
2 main functions for oxytocin
Stimulates contraction of the uterine muscle to aid in labor
Important for ejection of milk
What is a key defining feature of oxytocin
It works as positive feedback cycle
4 hormones that influence growth
Growth hormone (peptide hormone)
Thyroid hormone
Sex hormone: androgens and estrogens
Insulin
Growth hormone and insulin like growth factors promote linear growth in 2 ways
- Increase proliferation (cell number, hyperplasia)
2. Increase protein synthesis (increase cell size, hypertrophy)
4 metabolic actions supporting growth
Inhibit glucose uptake into adipose tissue and skeletal muscles
Stimulate lipolysis (fat breakdown) in adipose tissue
Stimulate gluconeogenesis in liver
Increase uptake of AA into cells
