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FFM-1 Spring 2024 > Neuro 1/2 > Flashcards

Neuro 1/2 Flashcards

1
Q

Dermatome

A

Area of skin relaying information via SINGLE spinal nerve

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2
Q

Myotome

A

Group of muscles sharing motor innervation from single spinal nerve

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3
Q

Sensory Neuron

A

Carries impulses from sensory organs to CNS

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4
Q

Motor Neuron

A

Carries motor impulses from CNS to motor neurons

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5
Q

Type of neuron for Sensory neuron

A

Pseudounipolar sensory neuron

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6
Q

Type of neuron for Motor neuron

A

Multipolar motor neuron

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7
Q

Myotome of Upper Limb:
Shoulder Abduction

A

C5

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8
Q

Myotome of Upper Limb:
Elbow Flexion

A

C5/C6

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9
Q

Myotome of Upper Limb:
Elbow Extension

A

C7

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10
Q

Myotome of Upper Limb:
Wrist Extension

A

C7

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11
Q

Myotome of Upper Limb:
Wrist Flexion

A

C8

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12
Q

Myotome of Upper Limb:
Finger Extension

A

C7

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13
Q

Myotome of Upper Limb:
Finger Flexion

A

C8

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14
Q

Myotome of Upper Limb:
Finger Abduction

A

T1

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15
Q

Myotome of Lower Limb:
Hip Flexion

A

L1/L2

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16
Q

Myotome of Lower Limb:
Hip Extension

A

L5/S1

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17
Q

Myotome of Lower Limb:
Knee Flexion

A

L5/S1

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18
Q

Myotome of Lower Limb:
Knee Extension

A

L3/L4

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19
Q

Myotome of Lower Limb:
Ankle Dorsiflexion

A

L4

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20
Q

Myotome of Lower Limb:
Ankle Plantarflexion

A

S1/S2

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21
Q

Myotome of Lower Limb:
1st Metatarsal Extension

A

L5

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22
Q

Reflexes:
Ankle

A

S1/S2

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23
Q

Reflexes:
Knee

A

L3/L4

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24
Q

Reflexes:
Biceps

A

C5/C6

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25
Q

Reflexes:
Triceps

A

C7/C8

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26
Q

Types of Deep Tendon Reflexes

A

Achillies
Patellar
Biceps
Triceps
Brachioradialis
Babinski

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27
Q

Patellar Tendon Reflex

A

Tests L4 nerve root
Kicking-like motion with stimulation of patellar tendon

28
Q

Achilles Tendon Reflex

A

Tendon tapped with dorsiflexed foot
Positive with foot moving to plantar surface

29
Q

Biceps/Triceps Reflex

30
Q

Clonus Test

A

Rhythmic, oscillating stretch reflex
Relaxed lower leg; sharp dorsiflexion of foot; hold in place to observe oscillations
Positive: upper motor neuron lesion

31
Q

Babinski Reflex

A

Run something along lateral sides of foot towards toes
If positive: upper motor neuron issue

32
Q

Sensory Exam comprised of:

A

Pain
Light Touch
Proprioception/Position sense
Vibration
2-pt discrimination for senses

33
Q

Three parts to Brain

A

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brainstem

34
Q

Location to cerebellum

A

Posterior to pons
Inferior to occipital/temporal lobes
Only attached to brain stem via nerve fibers

35
Q

Nerve fibers attaching cerebellum to brainstem

A

Superior Cerebellar peduncles
Middle Cerebellar peduncles
Inferior Cerebellar peduncles

36
Q

Cerebellar Peduncles connect

A

Cerebellum with rest of NS

37
Q

Grey matter of Cerebellum

A

Surface of cerebellum
Forms Cerebellar cortex

38
Q

White Matter of Cerebellum

A

Underneath Cerebellar cortex
Contains 4 cerebellar nuclei

39
Q

4 cerebellar nuclei of cerebellum

A

Dentate
Emboliform
Globose
Fastigial

40
Q

Interposed nucleus

A

Emboliform and globose nuclei together

41
Q

3 ways to divide cerebellum

A

Anatomical
Zones
Functional

42
Q

Anatomic lobes

A

Anterior
Posterior
Flocculonodular

43
Q

Flocculonodular lobe

A

Oldest part of brain
Balance and spatial orientation
Connects with vestibular nuclei

44
Q

Zones of Cerebellum

A

Vermis
Intermediate Zone
Lateral Hemisphere Zone

45
Q

Vermis

A

Midline of cerebellum

46
Q

Intermediate zone

A

Paravermis
On either side of vermis

47
Q

Lateral Zone

A

Lateral to intermediate zone

48
Q

Functional Divisions

A

Cerebrocerebellum
Spinocerebellum
Vestibulocerebellum

49
Q

Cerebrocerebellum

A

Largest division
Lateral hemisphere
Planning movements/motor learning
Regulates coordination of muscle activation; visual guided movements
Sends output to thalmus and red nucleus

50
Q

Spinocerebellum

A

Vermis and intermediate zones
Regular body movements; allow for error correction
Receives proprioceptive info

51
Q

Vestibulocerebellum

A

Functional equivalent to flocculonodular lobe
Controls balance and ocular reflexes (fixation on target)

52
Q

Blood supply to Cerebellum

A

Superior cerebellar artery (SCA)
Anterior Inferior Cerebellar artery (AICA)
Posterior Inferior Cerebellar artery (PICA)

53
Q

Superior cerebellar artery (SCA) and Anterior Inferior Cerebellar artery (AICA) are branches of…

A

Basilar Artery

54
Q

Posterior Inferior Cerebellar artery (PICA) branch of…

A

Vertebral Artery

55
Q

Wallenberg Syndrome

A

Occlusion of Posterior Inferior Cerebellar artery

56
Q

Venous drainage of Cerebellum

A

Superior/inferior cerebellar veins

57
Q

Superior/inferior cerebellar veins drain into…

A

Superior petrosal
Transverse
Straight Dural venous sinuses

58
Q

Functions of Cerebellum

A

Coordination of gait
Maintain posture
Control muscle tone/voluntary muscle activity

59
Q

Cerebellum is unable to initiate

A

Muscle contraction

60
Q

Damage to cerebellum

A

Loss of ability to control finer movements
Loss of ability to maintain posture
Loss of ability for motor learning

61
Q

Damage to cerebellum: result in paralysis?

A

No - will NOT result in paralysis

62
Q

Dysdiadochokinesia

A

Inability to perform rapid alternating movements

63
Q

Ataxia

A

Loss of control over voluntary movements
Can appear intoxicated

64
Q

Nystagmus

A

Ataxia of ocular muscles - rhythmic oscillations of eye

65
Q

Intention tremor

A

Involuntary rhythmic muscle contractions occuring during purposeful, voluntary movements
Worses as person gets closer to target

66
Q

Scanning speech/Dysarthria

A

Ataxia of phonation laryngeal muscles
Slurred speech

67
Q

Hypotonia

A

Loss of muscle tone due to diminished influence of cerebellum on gamma motor neurons

FFM-1 Spring 2024 (11 decks)

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