Neural Communication (1)

Question 1

what is the resting membrane potential

Answer 1

-65mV

Question 2

what is hyperpolarization

Answer 2

IPSP, inside is more negative from K+ leaving the cell

Question 3

what is depolarization

Answer 3

EPSP, inside more positive from Na+ coming into the cell

Question 4

how do graded/synaptic potentials arise in a neuron

Answer 4

neurotransmitters bind to neurotransmitter receptors on post-synaptic membrane
binding of neurotransmitter opens ion channels

Question 5

what is integration

Answer 5

summation of postsynaptic potentials at the axon hillock across time

Question 6

how are action potentials produced

Answer 6

depolarization of the membrane

Question 7

what are the absolute and relative refractory periods

Answer 7

absolute refractory period; inactivation period of Na+ channels
relative refractory period; when the cell requires more depolarizing current because it is in afterhyperpolarization

Question 8

how are action potentials conducted

Answer 8

AP walk down the axon along successive patches, myelin speeds up action potentials, firing frequency of action potentials is due to the magnitude of depolarizing current or intensity of the stimulus

Question 9

what is saltatory conduction

Answer 9

action potential skips from node to node when the axon is myelinated which speeds up the action potential

Question 10

what is the membrane potential of K+

Answer 10

-80mV

Question 11

what is the membrane potential of Na+

Answer 11

+62mV

Question 12

what is the membrane potential of Ca2+

Answer 12

+123mV

Question 13

what is the membrane potential of Cl-

Answer 13

-65mV